摘要
目的了解宁夏中卫市沙坡头区啮齿动物及其体外寄生虫的种群组成与数量分布,为预防鼠传疾病提供基础数据。方法采用鼠疫动物和昆虫监测方法,分类鉴定捕获的鼠和蚤并统计计数。结果共发现啮齿动物3目6科9属12种130只,其中子午沙鼠Meriones meridianus(占37.69%)、三趾跳鼠Dipus sagitta(占29.23%)和小毛足鼠Phodopus roborovskii(占12.31%)为优势种,长尾仓鼠Cricetulus longicaudatus(占6.92%)、长爪沙鼠Meriones unguiculatus(占5.38%)、阿拉善黄鼠Spermophilus dauricus alaschanicus(占2.31%)、草兔Lepus capensis(占1.54%)和大沙鼠Rhombomys opimus(占1.54%)为常见种;在沙坡头旅游区首次发现有大沙鼠R.opimus分布,为宁夏新记录,发现跳蚤3科6属7种,其中同形客蚤指名亚种Xenopsylla conformis conformis(占74.51%)为优势种,秃病蚤田鼠亚种Nosopsyllus laeviceps ellobii(占9.35%)、长突眼蚤Ophthalmopsylla kiritschenkoi(占8.50%)和细钩双蚤Amphipsylla tenuihama(占6.80%)为常见种,人蚤Pulex irritans(占0.28%)、长吻角头蚤Echidnophaga oschanini(占0.28%)和双蚤属未定种Amphipsylla sp.(占0.28%)为稀有种。结论中卫市沙坡头区啮齿动物及其体外寄生蚤种类丰富,沙坡头旅游区广泛分布有长爪沙鼠Meriones unguiculatus及同形客蚤指名亚种Xenopsylla conformis conformis,其数量较多;该地区基本具备动物鼠疫流行的条件,需高度重视、适时监测。
Objective To investigate the population composition and quantity distribution of rodents and their external parasites in Shapotou area, Ningxia and provide basic data for the rodent-borne diseases prevention. Methods According to the method of monitoring plague animals and insects, the captured rodents and parasitic fleas were classified and identified. Results One hundred and thirty rodents of 12 species, 9 genera and 6 families were captured and identified. Out of them, Meriones meridianus（37.69%）, Dipus sagitta（29.23%） and Phodopus roborovskii（12.31%） were the dominant species. Cricetulus longicaudatus（6.92%）, Meriones unguiculatus（5.38%）, Spermophilus dauricus alaschanicus（2.31%）, Lepus capensis（1.54%） and Rhombomys opimus（1.54%） were the common species. Within them the R. opimus was found for the first time in Ningxia. Totally parasitic fleas of 7 species, 6 genera and 3 families were found, including Xenopsylla conformis conformis（74.51%） of the dominant species, Nosopsyllus laeviceps ellobii（9.35%）, Ophthalmopsylla kiritschenkoi（8.50%） and Amphipsylla tenuihama（6.80%） of the common species, Pulex irritans, Echidnophaga oschanini and Amphipsylla sp. of the rare species with the same percentage separately（0.28%）. Conclusions Rodents and their parasitic fleas are abundant in Shapotou district of Zhongwei city in Ningxia. Larger number of Meriones unguiculatus and Xenopsylla conformis conformis are found in Shapotou tourist area. The results indicate that the basic conditions of animal plague spread exist in the area. This situation should be paid attention to and be monitored regularly.
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2017年第4期34-36,共3页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
啮齿动物
寄生蚤
种群组成
Rodents
Parasitic fleas
Population composition
