摘要
目的探讨医院感染与社区感染的基本临床特点和病原菌分布情况,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法收集医院2014年1月-2015年12月住院患者的临床资料;比较医院感染病例与社区感染病例的临床特点,并分析感染相关病原菌的分布特征。结果 35 563例住院患者中发生感染655例,总感染率为1.8%;其中医院感染345例,感染率为1.0%,社区感染310例,感染率为0.9%;医院感染组男性构成比低于社区感染组(P<0.05);医院感染组中年龄>60岁、51~60岁、41~50岁的构成比较高,分别占28.1%、19.7%、17.4%;社区感染组年龄>60岁、51~60岁、0~10岁的构成比较高,分别占40.0%、17.1%、16.5%;医院感染组患者中下呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染、上呼吸道感染的构成比分别占29.0%、25.8%、23.2%;社区感染组患者中泌尿道感染、上呼吸道感染、下呼吸道感染的构成比分别占40.0%、20.6%、12.6%;医院感染组送检标本中,痰液和尿液构成比较高,分别占49.3%和10.1%;社区感染组送检标本中,痰液和中耳道分泌物构成比较高,分别占44.3%和30.0%;医院感染组病原菌分离率占前3位的依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、白念珠菌,分别占21.4%、14.1%、10.5%;社区感染组病原菌分离率占前3位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,分别占14.7%、13.6%、12.8%。结论中老年人群医院感染率较高,主要以呼吸道感染为主,感染标本类型以痰液为主,病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主;老年和小儿人群中社区感染感染率较高,主要以泌尿道感染为主,感染标本类型主要为尿液,病原菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics of hospital-associated infections and community-acquired infection and observe the distribution of pathogens so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment.METHODS The clinical data were collected from the patients who were hospitalized from Jan 2014 to Dec 2015.The clinical characteristics of the patients with hospital-associated infections and patients with community-acquired infections were compared, and the distribution of pathogens causing the infections was observed.RESULTS Of 35 563 hospitalized patients, 655 had infections, with the total infection rate 1.8%, of whom 345 had hospital-associated infection, with the infections rate 1.0%, and 310 had community-acquired infections, with the infection rate 0.9%.The constituent ratio of the male patients was lower in the hospital-associated infection group than in the community-acquired infection group （P＆lt;0.05）.Among the patients with hospital-associated infections, the patients aged more than 60 years old accounted for 28.1%, the patients aged between 50 and 60 years old 19.7%, the patients aged between 40 and 50 years old 17.4%.Among the patients with community-acquired infections, the patients aged more than 60 years old accounted for 40.0%, the patients aged between 50 and 60 years old 17.1%, the patients aged between 0 and 10 years old 16.5%.Among the patients with hospital-associated infections, the patients with lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 29.0%, the patients with urinary tract infection 25.8%, the patients with upper respiratory tract infections 23.2%.Among the patients with community-acquired infections, the patients with urinary tract infections accounted for 40.0%, the patients with upper respiratory tract infection 20.6%, the patients with lower respiratory tract infections 12.6%.Among the submitted specimens obtained from the patients with hospital-associated infections, the sputum specimens accounted for 49.3%, the urine specimens 10.1%.Among the submitted specim
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第16期3688-3691,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
浙江省医药卫生一般研究计划基金资助项目(2014KYB298)
关键词
医院感染
社区感染
病原菌
Hospital-associated infection
Community-acquired infection
Pathogen
