摘要
目的评估社区围绝经期妇女抑郁症状的发生比例,以及社会支持状况与抑郁症状的相关性。方法 2016年3至10月采用随机抽样的方法,从上海市黄浦区10个社区居委随机抽取45~59岁妇女,进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GDA-7)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)。建立数据库,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行t检验和非参数分析。结果 987例妇女完成调查问卷,平均年龄54.99±3.24岁。被分析对象的社会支持总分为35.81±6.58分,不同年龄组、不同文化程度、不同婚姻状况的妇女所得的社会支持程度差异具有统计学意义(F=3.165~20.982,均P<0.05)。不同年龄组有抑郁焦虑症状患者差异无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为4.148、0.356、2.716、3.732,.均P>0.05)。比较抑郁症状组与无症状组的围绝经期妇女,有抑郁症状者所获得的社会支持少,社会支持各维度得分低(t值分别为18.915、3.917,均P<0.01)。而焦虑症状组与无症状组的社会支持量表评分差异无统计学意义(t=0.582,P>0.05)。结论围绝经期妇女社会支持与年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度有关,具有抑郁症状者社会支持降低。
Objective To investigate the incidence of depression in perimenopausal women in community and the correlation between social support and depression. Methods A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with questionnaire among women aged 45-59 years randomly selected from 10 communities in Huangpu District. The contents of questionnaire included general conditions,Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module（ PHQ-9）,Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale（ GDA-7） and Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS）. All of the data was analyzed with t-test and nonparametric test using SPSS 13. 0. Results A total of 987 women with mean age of54. 99 ± 3. 24 years old completed the questionnaires. Score of social support was 35. 81 ± 6. 58. Difference in social support of women in different age,with different education degree and marital status was statistically significant（ F value ranged 3. 165 to 20. 982,all P〈 0. 001）. There was no significant difference between different age groups in symptoms of depression and anxiety（ χ^2value was 4. 148,0. 356,2. 716 and 3. 732,respectively,all P〈 0. 05）. The social support score of depressive women was lower than normal women（ t value was 18. 915 and 3. 917,respectively,both P 〈0. 01）. No significant difference was found between women with and without anxiety（ t = 0. 582,P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Social support of perimenopausal women is associated with their age,marital status and education degree. The women with depression obtain poor social support.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2017年第8期924-926,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
基金
上海市黄浦区科委基金资助项目(编号:HKW201529)
关键词
社会支持
抑郁
焦虑
围绝经期
social support
depression
anxiety
perimenopause
