摘要
数字全景钻孔摄像技术在实际工程上得到了广泛的应用,获得大量的高精度实测钻孔图像。这些钻孔图像准确记录了地质特征信息,特别是结构面的几何形态特征。然而,这些特征信息的获取通常是由人工完成的,工作量大,人为因素较多。针对该问题,提出一种针对全景钻孔图像的结构面全自动识别方法。该方法首先提出用图像灰度梯度合成信号在钻孔深度方向的投影的方法来划分结构面所在区域及其产状范围;然后提出用标准模板正弦函数迭代匹配结构面特征量的方法来搜寻区域内结构面的所有可能正弦曲线,并从中筛选出最优的正弦曲线作为结构面的特征曲线;最后结合区域划分和模板函数匹配的结果,分析特征曲线参数,并进行再匹配和转换,最终得到工程所需的结构面位置、倾向、倾角和隙宽等参数,从而实现钻孔图像结构面的全自动识别。结果表明该方法能够连续快速地全自动识别整个钻孔图像内的结构面,并获得对应的高精度几何参数,算法稳定可靠、结构面识别率高。与传统方法相比,该方法首次实现了整个钻孔图像中结构面的全自动识别与几何参数提取,极大地提高了工作效率,为钻孔图像的后期处理与信息获取提供一种实际可行的有效方法。
Panoramic digital cameras for boreholes have been widely employed in engineering practice, and a large number of high accuracy images ofboreholes have been obtained. The borehole images record accurately the geological features, especially the structural features of the structural planes. However, since the acquisition of these features is usually undertaken manually, the workload is large and the results can be affected by many man made factors. To solve this problem, this paper presents a method of fully automatic identification of structural planes with the panoramic camera images of borehole. In this method, the gray level of images, the gradient and the projection method are employed to distinguish the region and the area of the structural plane occurrence. The standard sine function matching is employed to search the structural plane in the region. The optimal sine curve is screened out and adopted as the feature curve of structure plane. The parameters of the feature curve are analyzed and converted into the parameters of the structural plane required in engineering projects, such as the position, the inclination, the dip angle and the fracture width, etc. The results show that the method can automatically identify the structural plane with the borehole image continuously and quickly and can obtain the corresponding structural parameters accurately. The method is stable and reliable. Compared with the traditional methods, this method realizes the fully automatic identification of the whole structural planes and the extraction of geometric parameters. It improves greatly the working efficiency, and provides an effective solution for the post processing and information acquisition of the borehole image.
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第8期1910-1920,共11页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41402278
41372317)~~
关键词
岩石力学
钻孔图像
结构面
全自动识别
模板函数
参数提取
rock mechanics
borehole image
structural plane
full-automatic identification
template function
parameter extraction
