摘要
"工匠"即有工艺专长的匠人,武陵山片区将村落匠人叫师傅,村落工匠是武陵山片区民族传统村落"农民"中的特殊群体,他们是"劳动者"之一,在传统乡土手艺中他们既是设计者也是制作者。他们不但拥有精湛的技艺,同时他们还懂得村落传统的民族民间习俗,在村落中拥有较高的社会地位,他们设计和建造房屋还是生产生活器物,无论从生理还是心理上都能满足村民的需要,因此片区民族村落工匠的技艺是基于满足当地村民基本生活需要的造物活动,从材料选取、形态型制、制作工艺、装饰纹样等各方面都具有本土性且能满足村民的需要,农耕文明时期他们以精湛的手艺守护着村落传统的生活方式,使传统村落代代相传延续至今,因此从民族村落工匠的传承来保护片区传统民族村落,让他们在传承手艺的基础上传播乡土文化,引导新生代村民坚持传统的生活方式,对村落祖先留下来的祖制心存敬畏并为之自豪,从各方面保持片区民族村落原居民纯朴的民风,这是村落传承的"灵魂",守住传统村落"最后的家底"行之有效的方式。
The ＂craftsmen＂ that techno- logy expertise builders will be called the master builders of Wuling mountain area village, village artisans are a special group of Wuling mountain area of ethnic villages ＂farmers＂, they are one of the＂workers＂, in the traditional local craft they are designers producers. They not only have superb skills, at the same time, they also understand the traditional folk custom village, in the village have a higher social status, they design and build houses or production life utensils, can meet the needs of villagers from the physiological and psychological, so the area of minority villages craftmanship is to meet the basic needs of the local villagers the creation activities based on from material selection, production process, morphological type, decorative patterns and other aspects are local and can meet the needs of villagers, the period of agricultural civilization to the exquisite craft of their village guarding the traditional way of life, the traditional village continues from the be handed down from age to age, ethnic village artisan heritage the protection area of traditional folk village, let them spread the local culture in the tradition of craft, to guide the new generation of villagers Kennedy The traditional way of life, the ancestors of the ancestral village of awe and proud, keep the area of national village residents of the simple folk from various aspects, this is the village tradition of ＂soul＂, hold the traditional village ＂last family property＂ effective way.
出处
《中外建筑》
2017年第8期62-64,共3页
Chinese & Overseas Architecture
基金
"教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金"<新农建设中以乡土文化传承来保护湘西民族传统村落的研究>阶段性成果
项目批准号:15YJA760022
重庆师范大学人才引进基金项目<武陵山片区乡土建筑工匠传承发展与新农生活空间创造研究>阶段性成果
项目批准号:17Xr C001
关键词
村落工匠
民族传统村落
保护
village craftsmen
ethnictraditional villages
protection
