摘要
壳聚糖是一种天然聚氨基葡萄糖,具有较好的生物相容性、生物可降解性、抗菌和止血等性能。由于壳聚糖分子内及分子间存在较强的氢键作用,使得其只能溶于弱酸性溶液而不溶于水,限制了其在生物材料中的应用。壳聚糖上含有大量活泼羟基和氨基,通过衍生化反应不仅可以提高壳聚糖的水溶解性,而且可以赋予壳聚糖更多的功能化特性,例如壳聚糖衍生物用于药物传输载体,可达到缓释和控释药物的目的,提高药物的稳定性,降低药物的不良反应,从而提高药物的生物利用度。所以,壳聚糖及其衍生物已成为药物传输系统领域的研究热点。作者系统介绍壳聚糖及其衍生物的性能以及作为药物传输载体的特点,综述它们作为药物传输载体的类型及研究应用,包括最近合成含维生素B12-两亲性壳聚糖衍生物通过口服给药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变,还对壳聚糖及其衍生物在该领域的发展方向进行展望。
Chitosan is a natural poly（glucosamine） with good biocompatibility,biodegradability as well as bioactivities such as antibacterial and hemostatic properties.However,chitosan only dissolve in weak acidic solutions due to the strong hydrogen bonds between and within the chitosan molecules,which limits chitosan＇s application in biomaterial fields.The chitosan derivatives can be obtained through chemical reactions on the active hydroxyl and amine groups of chitosan.They can not only effectively improve the water-solubility of chitosan,but also exhibit functional properties.For example,the chitosan derivatives can be used as drug delivering carriers for controlled release of drugs,improving the stability as well as decreasing the toxic and side effects of drugs,leading to improve the bioavailability of drugs.Therefore,chitosan and its derivatives have been attracted much attention in drug delivering system in recent years.In this work,we introduce the properties and application studies of chitosan and its derivatives as drug delivering carriers for controlled release of drugs,including our recent work about the amphiphilic chitosan derivatives bearing vitamin B（12） for oral delivery of drugs of diabetic retinopathy.Besides,the advance future development of chitosan and its derivatives has been also forecasted.
出处
《转化医学杂志》
2017年第4期193-198,共6页
Translational Medicine Journal
基金
广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2012B091100457)
关键词
壳聚糖
壳聚糖衍生物
药物控制释放
药物载体
Chitosan
Chitosan derivatives
Drug controlled release
Drug delivering carrier
