摘要
民主治理是以民主的方式管理和控制社会,要求社会的治理倾听民众的呼声,了解民众的利益所向,并且对于公共权力的持有者给予监督和控制。政治问责有时候也被称为民主问责,这是指主权在民的责任政府中的问责机制,自下而上通过民主制度对政府及其官员的监督和控制。这是近代以来建立责任政府的主要理论依据,它要求政府官员承担社会责任,并且经常地实施问责,回应民众的要求,解释自己的方针政策。政治问责的实质是民主问责,民主政治发展以来建立的政治问责制度,是民主治理的重要举措。我国自改革开放以来建立了政治问责制度,但仍然存在改进的空间。
Desert is a relational concept that is constituted by three terms which can be analyzed into six concrete factors.Using desert to define the concept of justice and interpreting justice as some sort of desert can be supported by the arguments from Traditional Understanding,Universal Intuition,and Survival Evolution.Meanwhile,there are a lot of arguments against the desert theory of justice,among which the very influential arguments are epistemological,pragmatic,and metaphysical arguments.The epistemological and metaphysical arguments presupposed a wrong conception of responsibility,so the base of desert is misjudged.Pragmatic argument is closely tied up with the epistemological argument which sets up an unrealistic epistemic task,so the various costs for implementation of the desert theory of justice have been exaggerated,and some practical conventions to save the costs have been overlooked,thus the pragmatic argument is a false argument definitely.
出处
《学术界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第7期70-78,共9页
Academics
关键词
民主治理
责任政府
政治问责制
desert
justice
responsibility
luck
epistemological argument
pragmatic argument
metaphysical argument
