摘要
针对传统机械和GPS方法测量高度时存在的不足,采用新型气压传感器测量高度的方法,构建了基于微机电系统(MEMS)数字气压传感器的高度测量系统。首先,介绍了新型数字气压传感器BMP180的结构和特点;其次,以高性能AVR单片机为控制平台,设计了数字气压和温度信号读取设备、有机发光二级管(OLED)显示屏和其他外围电路的硬件系统;然后,根据气压与高度的对应关系,开发了温度和气压信号采样、温度和气压补偿、高度推算以及结果显示的软件系统;最后,采用加权递推平均滤波算法对高度测量数据进行处理,减小了噪声和干扰,提高了测量的准确度和稳定性。为了验证设计方法的有效性,对高层建筑的不同楼层高度进行测试,结果表明该系统能够准确地测量楼层相对高度,标准偏差为0.32 m,平均误差为0.03 m。由此可见,采用加权递推平均滤波的新型气压高度测量方法,为低空高度测量提供了一种非常实用便携的解决方案,也为空间垂直位移测量尤其是三维空间的准确导航和定位提供了重要参考。
Aiming at the shortages of traditional mechanical and GPS methods in height measurement,a new method is proposed by using the new type of barometric pressure sensor,and the height measurement system based on micro electro mechanical system（ MEMS） digital barometric pressure sensor is constructed. Firstly,the structure and characteristics of the new digital pressure sensor BMP180 are introduced. Secondly,with the high-performance AVR single chip computer as the control platform,the hardware system is designed,including digital pressure and temperature signal reading equipmeats,organtic ligth emitting diode（ OLED） display screen and other peripheral circuits. Thirdly,according to the corresponding relationship between the barometric pressure and height,the software system is developed,including temperature and atmospheric pressure signal acquisition,temperature and air pressure compensation,height estimation and result display. Finally,the weighted recursive average filtering algorithm is used to deal with the height measurement data,reduce the noise and interference,and improve the accuracy and stability of the measurement data. In order to verify the effectiveness of the design method,the height of different floors of a high building is measured,the results indicate that the system can accurately measure the relative height of each floor,and the standard deviation is 0. 32 m and the average error is 0. 03 m. This shows that the method provides a practical and portable solution for low altitude measurement,which also provides an important reference for accurate vertical displacement measurement,especially in precision 3D space navigation and positioning.
出处
《自动化仪表》
CAS
2017年第8期59-63,共5页
Process Automation Instrumentation
基金
河南省科技攻关基金资助项目(162102210210)
郑州轻工业学院博士科研基金资助项目(2014BSJJ046)
关键词
微机电系统
数字气压传感器
高度测量系统
AVR单片机
有机发光二级管
补偿校正
滤波算法
MEMS
Digital barometric pressure sensor
Height measurement system
AVR single chip computer
Organtic ligth emitting diode
Compensation and correction
Filtering algorithm
