摘要
目的对石家庄某医院核医学科放射性废物处理措施进行分析评价。方法依据国家相关标准,调查和分析核医学科固态放射性废物的放置衰变时间是否满足其放射性核素的半衰期、液态放射性废物的三级衰变池容积是否能够满足相应核素的最长半衰期、气态放射性废物的收集、排放是否符合相关规定。结果医院针对气态放射性废物采取设置通风橱、排风系统、活性炭吸附的方式进行分类处理;固体放射性废物中^(18)F废物、^(131)I废物分别用不同的放射性废物桶储存,并按照各自的10个半衰期衰变后,经过检测合格,按照医疗垃圾处理;液体放射性废物经三级防护衰变池处理,废水量粗略估计0.37 m^3/d,可满足存放放射性废水85 d后再排放31.6 m^3,小于设置三级衰变池的总容积(36 m^3)。结论该医院核医学科针对放射性废物的处理措施合理,能够有效地控制放射性废物的扩散,达到将放射性废物的活度控制到清洁解控水平。
[Objective] To analyze and evaluate the radioactive waste treatment measures in nuclear medicine department of a hospital in Shijiazhuang City. [Methods] According to the national standards, the study investigated and analyzed whether the decay time of solid radioactive waste met its half-life, whether the three stage decay tank volume of liquid radioactive waste met the longest half-life of the corresponding nuclide, whether the collection and emission of gaseous radioactive waste complied with relevant regulations in the nuclear medicine department. IResults] The hospital carried out the classification treatment for gaseous radioactive waste, such as fume hood, exhaust system and activated carbon adsorption. The solid radioactive waste of 18F and 131I was respectively stored in different radioactive waste barrels for 10 half-lives, and were treated as the medical waste after passing the inspection. The liquid radioactive waste was treated with the three stage decay tank, the volume of wastewatcr was roughly estimated as 0.37 m^3 per day, and the discharged volume of wastewater after 85 days was 31.6 m^3, which was lower than the total volume of three stage decay tank （36 m^3）. [ Conclusion] The treatment measures against radioactive waste in the nuclear medicine department of the hospital are reasonable, which can effectively control the diffusion of radioactive waste so as to control the activity of radioactive waste to the clean level.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第10期1408-1410,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
放射性废物
分类处理
核医学科
放射防护管理
Radioactive waste
Classification
Department of nuclear medicine
Radiation protection management
