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纳米尺度界面低周疲劳破坏行为

Low-cycle fatigue fracture behavior of nanoscale interface
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摘要 为了研究纳米尺度界面的低周疲劳破坏特性,提出了一种利用聚焦离子束(FIB)技术和透射电子显微镜(TEM)进行纳米材料中界面疲劳破坏实验的新方法。采用FIB从宏观多层薄膜材料(硅/铜/氮化硅,Si/Cu/SiN)中成功制备出了由硅基体(Si)、200nm厚铜薄膜(Cu)及1000nm厚氮化硅层(SiN)构成的纳米悬臂梁试样。利用高精度微小材料加载装置,在TEM下对该试样进行了循环加载实验,并原位观测了不同试样中Cu/Si界面的低周疲劳破坏过程。研究发现,由于铜纳米薄膜的高屈服强度及两侧材料对其的变形约束,Cu/Si界面的疲劳强度在GPa量级。实验获得的应力幅值与界面破坏的载荷循环周数(S-N)曲线表明,在高应力水平区,界面的疲劳寿命显著依赖于施加应力的大小;在低应力水平区则存在疲劳极限。并且,Cu/Si界面的疲劳极限与单调加载实验中界面断裂应力的比值远大于宏观材料,这说明纳米尺度界面的低周疲劳破坏过程是一个脆性断裂的过程。 An experiment method is developed to investigate the low-cycle fatigue fracture behavior of nano-material interface. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are used in the experiments. With FIB, a nano-cantilever specimen consisting of a copper (Cu) layer of 200-nm-thick and a silicon nitride (SiN) layer of 1000-nm-thick on a silicon (Si) substrate is fabricated from a macroscale multi-layered material (Si/Cu/SiN). Using a minute loading apparatus, the cyclic loading experiment is conducted in TEM, and the low-cycle fatigue fracture of Cu/Si interface in different specimens is in situ observed. The fatigue strength of Cu/Si interface is around GPa level owing to the high yield stress of the Cu nano-film and the deformation constraint associated with the neighboring hard materials. The S_N curve shows clear dependence of fatigue life on the applied stress in the high stress range and the existence of a fatigue threshold at low stress range. Moreover, the high ratio of fatigue limit to the fracture stress in a monotonic loading suggests the brittle behavior of the interface in nanoscale materials.
出处 《吉林大学学报(工学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第4期1201-1206,共6页 Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition
基金 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(11302205) 中国工程物理研究院院长基金项目(2014-1-097) 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所科技专项项目(2013KJZ02) 中国工程物理研究院科学技术发展基金重点项目(2014A0203006) 中国工程物理研究院重点学科项目
关键词 工程力学 疲劳 界面 分层破坏 纳米尺度 原位实验 engineering mechanics fatigue interface delamination damage nanoscale in situ experiment
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