摘要
在当代进化论美学(evolutionary aesthetics)研究中,一方面,通过考量对人类身体特征吸引力的进化心理学范畴研究和其他关于人类审美活动的研究,进化论美学解释下的人类审美偏好在人类日常偏好决策中似乎扮演了重要的功能角色(functional role)。另一方面,近期聚焦于DNA甲基化的表观遗传学实验,则从遗传学方面暗示了一种个体化的、经验的因子对于DNA序列的表达方式产生修饰效果的可能性,因此,人类对于日常心理经验的偏好,经由表观遗传作用,则有可能具有可遗传性。由此,本文试图借助Carroll的"想象的虚拟世界"概念和前沿表观遗传学理论假设,提出一种包含以上两个方面的看待人类审美偏好的综合性进化论美学研究视角。相较于传统的研究范式,这一视角通过指出审美偏好的功能角色和潜在可遗传性,有望克服进化论美学研究领域中长期存在的副产物难题和自然—教化困境(nature-nurture dilemma),同时,通过揭示分子生物层面和个人经验层面的关联对人类审美偏好可能存在的影响,这一思路还将深化该领域的科学/自然主义基础。
This paper proposes a synthetic standpoint for viewing the evolutionary aesthetics by combining Joseph Carroll＇s con- cept of imaginative virtual worlds and an epigenetic approach to aesthetics with the traditional domain of evolutionary psychology. For one thing, appealing to researches on the attractiveness of human bodily traits within evolutionary psychology and other stud- ies on aesthetic activities, it seems that ＇ evolutionary aesthetics ＇ plays an important and functional role in our everyday prefer- ences. For another, recent epigenetic experiments, which focus on the effect ofDNA methylation, imply a possibility for individ- ualised experiential factors having their efficacy in modifying the expression of DNA sequences. Therefore, it seems possible that our daily （cultural, social, religious, etc. ） experiences could also lead to structural changes in our biological body and with these changes by an epigenetic mechanism, they could become inheritable. Thus, I propose that this updated evolutionary theory of preference may indicate a way to solve the long - standing philosophical dilemma of nature versus nurture within the field of ev- olutionary aesthetics, and even strengthen the scientific/naturalistic ground of such a field （ this by showing the underlying corre- lation at a molecular level alongside a personal experience level） , allowing for a broader explanatory power compared with the or- thodox paradigm.
出处
《学术探索》
北大核心
2017年第7期18-24,共7页
Academic Exploration
关键词
美学
审美偏好
进化论美学
想象的虚拟世界
表观遗传学
aesthetics
aesthetic preference
evolutionary aesthetics
imaginative virtual worlds
epigenetics
