摘要
通过盆栽试验,研究硅钙肥施用对铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)污染土壤上水稻生长、Pb、Cd吸收累积、硅浓度及土壤铅镉形态变化的影响。结果表明,硅钙肥施用显著增加水稻产量,与对照处理相比,水稻产量增加51.9%;硅钙肥施用后水稻茎秆、叶片、籽粒中Pb浓度及茎秆、籽粒中Cd浓度呈显著下降趋势,与重金属处理(M)相比,重金属+硅钙肥处理(MF)的水稻茎秆、叶片和籽粒中Pb浓度分别降低了50.9%,56.3%和24.3%,水稻茎秆和籽粒中Cd浓度则分别下降36.1%和60.4%;硅钙肥施用主要阻碍Pb由水稻根部向茎杆的转移,阻碍Cd由叶片向籽粒中的转移;硅钙肥施用增加了水稻各部位硅浓度,水稻地上部重金属浓度减少的原因可能是硅的沉积,各部位硅的浓度和重金属浓度呈现明显的负相关。水稻种植后,土壤Pb、Cd浓度都有一定程度的降低,硅钙肥施用未能明显促进土壤重金属从酸可溶态和可还原态向可氧化态和残渣态的转化。研究结果表明,在Pb、Cd污染的土壤上种植水稻时,可通过施用硅钙肥来降低稻谷中Pb、Cd的浓度从而降低铅镉污染的风险。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of silicon-calcium fertilizer application on rice growth, Pb/ Cd absorption and accumulation, silicon contents, soil pH and forms of heavy metals in soil under rice rotation cultivation. The results showed that the application of silicon-calcium fertilizer could increase yield of rice, compared with treatment of check, the rice yield increased by 51.9%. Pb contents in stems, leaves and grains of rice and Cd contents in stems and grains of rice was decreased significantly after the addition of silicon-calcium fertilizer. Compared with treatment of check, Pb con- tents in stems, leaves and grains of rice was decreased by 50.9%, 56.3% and 24.3%, Cd in stems and grains of rice contents was decreased by 36.1% and 60.4%; silicon-calcium fertilizer may be hinder the transfer of Pb from root to stem and the transfer of Cd from leaf to grain in rice. Silicon-calcium fertilizer application increase silicon contents in each part of rice. The reason for the reduction of Pb/Cd contents in rice may be silicon deposition. Si contents and heavy metals contents in each part of rice present the obvious negative correlation. After the rice cultivation, Pb and Cd contents in soil decreased, Pb and Cd contents of different forms in soil has no difference between check treatment and silicon-calcium fertilizer treatment. There is no promotion in transformation of different forms of heavy metals in soil after the application of silicon-calcium fertilizer. With planting rice on lead/cadmium pollution soil, we can reduce the content of Pb/Cd in rice so as to reduce the risk of lead/cadmium pollution by applying the silicon-calcium fertilizer.
作者
贾倩
胡敏
张洋洋
孟远夺
李小坤
丛日环
任涛
JIA Qian HU Min ZHANG Yangyang MENG Yuanduo LI Xiaokun CONG Rihuan REN Tao(College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River of Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China National Agricultural Technical Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期24-30,共7页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503123)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2662015PY135)
关键词
硅钙肥
铅
镉
水稻
silicon-calcium fertilizer
lead
cadmium
rice
