摘要
高校建筑中电器待机能耗不容小觑,但当前对其研究较少,其能耗特征及节能潜力尚不明确。考虑到当前高校学生数量巨大,而电脑在高校学生中普及率和使用频率高,本文以学生电脑待机能耗为例,采用现场测量和问卷调查相结合的方法,针对湖南地区3所高校100名用户电脑,首次调查了高校建筑电器待机能耗、用户行为及节能潜力。结果表明:笔记本电脑和台式电脑在锁屏、屏保、睡眠和关机模式下待机功率的平均值分别为23.6 W、28.5 W、4.3 W、2.4 W和62.2 W、67.4 W、7.3 W、2.7 W。用户电脑年待机能耗平均值为35 kW·h,占总能耗比例平均值为16%。采用降低待机功率、改善用户行为以及两者相结合3种方法后,平均每名用户分别可减少29.0%、83.0%、97.5%的待机能耗。本研究有助于深入了解中国高校建筑待机能耗现状,为进一步有效降低该能耗提供了相关信息,并为高校建筑其他电器待机能耗研究提供了参考。
As the number and energy consumption of electrical appliances increase in university buildings, their standby energy consumption also attracts growing attention. However, the characteristics and energy-saving potential of standby energy consumption remain unclear due to a lack of relevant researches. Given the large number of college students and their high ownership and usage frequency of computer, computer was taken as a typical example of appliances for investigating standby energy consumption and usage behavior in university buildings in the first time. The corresponding energy-saving potential was also analyzed. The computer of 100 graduate students from three universities in Hunan province was investigated by field measurement and questionnaire survey. Results show that the average power of laptop in screensaver mode, lock screen mode, sleep mode and off mode is 23.6 W, 28.5 W, 4.3 W and 2.4 W, respectively. The average power of desktop in screensaver mode, lock screen mode, sleep mode and off mode is 62.2 W, 67.4 W, 7.3 W and 2.7 W, respectively. The average annual standby energy consumption is 35 kW-h, which is 16% of annual total energy consumption. In order to estimate the standby energy saving potential of the investigated users, three methods, including lowering standby power, improving standby usage behavior and the combined application of both, were used. Accordingly, the average annual standby consumption can be reduced by 29.0% , 83.0% and 97.5% , respectively. The findings provide a deep insight into the current situation of standby energy consumption in university buildings. They can also be used to help reduce the standby energy consumption effectively. In addition, they provide a reference for the future study on computer standby energy consumption in other types of appliances in university buildings.
出处
《建筑科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期55-61,共7页
Building Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“基于数据挖掘的住宅建筑用户行为及相应能耗预测模型研究”(51408205)
教育部中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目“建筑人行为及能耗预测模型研究”
关键词
待机能耗
用户行为
节能潜力
建筑节能
高校建筑
standby energy consumption, occupant behavior, energy-saving potential, building energy conservation, university building
