摘要
本文利用20世纪30年代日本满铁农村实态惯行调查数据,对中国传统乡村社会女性的经济贡献及其地区差异的根源进行考察。研究发现,在中国传统乡村社会,女性劳动参与在小农家庭的财富积累中扮演着非常重要的角色,女性劳动参与率每增加1%,农户拥有的土地财产数量增加0.3%。进一步分析可知,这种作用在南北方存在巨大差异,女性劳动参与仅对南方小农家庭的财富积累具有重要影响,女性劳动参与率每增加1%,农户拥有的土地财富增加0.2%。本文认为,南北方地理禀赋所导致的农户经济结构差异是女性的经济贡献存在地区差异的重要原因。本文不仅揭示了中国传统社会女性对家庭的经济贡献的地区差异及其根源,也对当前女性社会地位的相关研究有所贡献。
Gender equality is always an important topic of concern for social scientists and policy makers, and it is also one of seventeen sustained development goals of the United Nations. However, in the current literature on gender equality, the root of gender equality is still not clear. This paper builds a neo-classical theoretical model about the decision of gender labor input within a small-scale peasant economy to examine regional differences in women＇ s economic contribution for family and its determinants. Our hypothesis is that the different geographic endowment between the north and the south of China determines the difference in economic structure of small-scale peasants living in different regions. As a result,the difference in economic structure of household leads to the difference in the economic contribution of women, and the difference in female labor participation rates between the north and the south of China. This paper uses a household-level dataset surveyed by the Southern Manchurian Railway Company in the 1930s to test this hypothesis, and finds that women play an important role in increasing the land wealth of small-scale peasant households. Households with higher female labor participation rates have more wealth measured by the owned land. When female labor participation rates increase by 1 percent, the land wealth owned by households increases 0.3 percent. At the same time,we also find that there is a great difference in the economic contribution of women to their families between the south and the north of China. Compared to households in the north of China, the women in the south of China played a more important economic role in small-scale peasant economy. When female labor participation rate increases by 1 percent,the land owned by the household increases by 0.2 percent. Even after a set of control variables, including the characteristics of household and village and geographical factors are added in our model, the findings were still strong. In addition, during the process of testing the d
作者
李楠
李亚婧
LI Nan LI Yajing(Department of Economic History,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Department of Economic History, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics)
出处
《社会》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第4期32-58,共27页
Chinese Journal of Sociology
基金
上海市浦江人才计划"文化差异
文化扩散与经济发展:基于中国历史经验的理论及实证研究"(项目编号:14PJC042)
上海财经大学基本科研业务经费"中国传统社会分家析产
商业化与地权分配的动态研究"(项目编号:2015110025)
上海财经大学研究生创新基金(项目编号:CXJJ-2014-377)对本研究的支持~~
关键词
女性经济贡献
小农经济
地理禀赋
economic contribution of women, small-scale peasant economy,geographic endowment
