摘要
在当代西方政治哲学视阈下,较差者优先指的是在分配利益时,应当把利益优先分配给处境较差者。较差者优先的观点经帕菲特详细阐述后,成为优先论的核心观点。但需要明确的是,较差者优先不是优先论独有的,其他理论如功利主义、平等主义、充足主义等也都在某种意义上持有类似的观点,但它们的优先理由却各不相同。就目前而言,优先的理由至少包括:(1)基于功利的理由;(2)基于平等的理由;(3)基于优先论的理由;(4)基于充足的理由;(5)基于比较性的公平的理由。本文试图通过概括叙述各种优先理由以及各自存在的弊端,为人们了解和研究优先论思想提供一定的借鉴。
From the perspective of Contemporary Western Political Philosophy, the worse-off priority means during the distribution of interests, the worse -off should be given first.The view of the worse-off priority after being elaborated by Parlit has become the core of the priority view.But what needs to be specified is that this view is not unique to the priority view, other theories may support the similar point of view in some sense such as egalitarianism, utilitarianism, and even sufficiency, but they have different reasons for priority.At present, the reasons for priority include reasons based on utility, equality, the priority view, sufficiency and the comparative fairness. This article attempts to provide a reference for people to understand and study the priority view by summarizing various reasons and their disadvantages.
出处
《理论界》
2017年第6期38-45,共8页
Theory Horizon
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(15XNH120)的研究成果
关键词
优先论
平等主义
功利主义
充足
同情
公平
the priority view, egalitsaisnlsm, ulilitarlanism, sufficiency, compassion, fairness
