摘要
纳米材料在尺寸上的量变使其各方面均表现出较常规材料更为特殊的性能,已在医学、信息科学等领域完成了产业化初探。尽管如此,在这些新兴纳米产品中的消费中仅有6%用于工程建设领域。本文从力学、物理化学、热力学方面等性能及其作用机理的角度,综述了纳米材料在土木工程中的应用前景,从纳米粘土、纳米混凝土等典型实践中,总结了纳米材料在土木工程中的应用现状。可以看出的是,这些研究成果大多集中于实验室的试验研究,而定量的机理结论和指导性理论、规范尚未成体系,在实际工程中的应用也处于试探阶段。本文同时总结了在该领域中的巨大的市场机遇和挑战,为同行业科研和工程人员提供参考。
The quantity decreasing of the size of nano-materials leads to their unique performance in mechanical, chemical, thermodynamics and other aspects, which has been preliminary industrialized in some fields such as medicine and information science. However, only 6% of the consumption in these emerging nano- derived products is contributed by engineering and construction. In this paper, the application perspectives of nano-materials in civil engineering are summarized from the aspects of their properties and underlain mechanism in mechanics, physics chemistry and thermodynamics. From the typical cases of nano-clay and nano-concrete, the current status of the nano-materials applications in civil engineering is reviewed. It is shown that, most of the existing breakthroughs are limited in experimental research in laboratories and seldom conclusions of fundamental mechanism or guidance and systematical specifications or standards are proposed. At the same time, their practical applications in engineering project are also in the test stage. Both the the huge market opportunities and challenges in this field is summarized in this paper, which provides reference and guidance for the scholars and engineers with same objective.
作者
陈航
唐孟雄
CHEN Hang TANG Meng-xiong(Guangzhou Institute of Building Science Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510440)
出处
《广州建筑》
2017年第2期2-8,共7页
GUANGZHOU ARCHITECTURE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51678171
51608139)
关键词
纳米材料
土木工程
机遇与挑战
nano-materials
civil engineering
opportunities and challenges
