摘要
影响马匹繁殖率的因素主要有饲养管理水平、公马的精液品质、输精方式、母马卵泡发育情况、母马年龄、气候变化等。针对以上因素提出了以下提升马繁殖率的实用技术:加强公马的饲养管理,提供优质日粮,保持公马的种用体况,以提高精液品质;配种前加强母马的饲养管理,配种季节增喂蛋白饲料和青绿多汁饲料,使之保持中等膘情;对妊娠母马进行合理补饲,满足母马怀孕期间的营养需要,并配合以冷季塑膜暖棚保暖及程序化疫病防治,以减少流产的发生;规范采精操作,科学保存马冷冻精液;输送精子数量达到1×10~6时,采用直肠把握深角授精技术可降低繁殖成本,提高繁殖效率;通过观察法和直肠触检法确定排卵时间,适时配种可有效提高马匹繁殖率。
The influencing factors involving in reproductive rate of horses include rearing and management level, semen quality of stallions, artificial insemination ways, follicular development and mating age of mares, climatic changes, and so on. According to the above mentioned factors, the practical techniques to improve reproductive rate of horses are put forward： enhancing rearing and management of stallions, providing high quality diet, and maintaining the appropriate body condition for mating, so as to improve semen quality of stallions; enhancing rearing and management of mares before mating and providing more protein feed as well as green and succulent fodder in mating season, so as to maintain their moderate body condition; providing supplementary feeding rationally for pregnant mares to meet their nutritional requirement during the pregnancy period, and taking heat retention measures with plastic warm shed in cold season as well as programmed epidemic disease prevention and treatment measures, so as to reduce the abortion incidence; standardizing artificial insemination operation and preserving frozen semen rationally; using the rectum lead angle of deep fertilization technology when the number of artificially inseminated sperms reach up to 1 ×10^6, so as to reduce the reproductive cost and improve the reproductive efficiency;determining the ovulation time by observation method as well as rectal examination method and mating timely, so as to improve the reproductive rate of horses.
作者
吴海青
吴学良
布仁巴特
苏依勒
乌兰巴特尔
李玉荣
WU Hai-qing WU Xue-liang Burenbate Suyile Wulanbateer LI Yu-rong(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China Shandan Army Horse Breeding Farm of Gansu Province,Zhangye 734100,China Inner Mongolia Grassland Thoroughbred Horses Breeding Co., Ltd., Xilinhot 026009, China Inner Mongolia Horse Industry Association, Hohhot 010010, China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2017年第6期21-25,共5页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
内蒙古自治区重大科技专项--竞技马新品系培育及马种改良
关键词
马属动物
繁殖率
饲养管理
繁殖技术
equus
reproductive rate
rearing and management
propagation technique
