摘要
洋浦位于海南省儋州市西部,洋浦海域是北部湾良好的近岸产卵场。本研究根据2014年6月和12月对该海域的渔业底拖网与环境调查数据,分析了其鱼类群落结构特征。结果表明:洋浦海域鱼类资源丰富,生物多样性较高,两个航次共捕获68种鱼类,隶属于10目37科49属,主要由暖水种和暖温种组成,其中鲈形目种类最多(39种),其次为鲽形目(9种)、鲉形目(6种);渔获物以底层和近底层鱼类为主,占鱼类总种数的93.7%;鱼类群落呈现出小型化、低龄化和季节间种类更替明显的特征,6月和12月共有鱼种11种,种类相似性仅为21.8%;6月的优势种为褐篮子鱼(Siganus fuscescens)、印度舌鳎(Cynoglossus arel)和四线天竺鲷(Apogon quadrifasciatus),12月优势种包括龙头鱼(Harpadon nehereus)、少鳞舌鳎(Cynoglossus oligolepis)、黄鲫(Setipinna taty)和四线天竺鲷(Apogon quadrifasciatus);6月鱼类平均生物量密度为137.66 kg·km-2,平均丰度密度为11.38×103ind·km-2;12月鱼类平均生物量密度为84.67 kg·km-2,平均丰度密度为3.21×103ind·km-2;聚类分析、单因子相似性分析(ANOSIM)及相似性百分比分析(SIMPER)表明,该水域鱼类群落存在一定程度的时空异质性;生物-环境分析(BIOENV)表明,两个月份该海域鱼类群落组成的变化与底层水温和底层盐度的相关性较好,不同月份水深对鱼类群落的影响也存在差异。
Yangpu is located in the west of Zhanzhou City in Hainan Province. Yangpu water area is a good inshore spawning ground of Beibu Gulf. Based on the bottom trawl surveys in Yangpu waters in June and December 2014, the community structure of fishery resources and the diversity were analyzed. The results indicated that 68 fishes were collected in the two surveys, which belonged to 10 orders, 37 families and 49 genera, and they were warm water and warmtemperate species. The Perciformes was the most abundant （39 species）, followed by the Pleuronectiformes （9 species） and Scorpaeniformes （6 species）. The main catch resources were both demersal fishes and nearbenthic fishes, which accounted for 93.7% in total species. The fish community was characterized by miniaturization and showed a remarkable seasonal change between the two surveys. There were 11 common fish species in June and December, with a similarity index of 21.8%. The dominant species were Siganus fuscescens, Cynoglossus arel and Apogon quadrifasciatus in June, and Harpadon nehereus, Cynoglossus oligolepis, Setipinna taty and Apogon quadrifasciatus in December. The average biomass was 137.66 kg·km-2 in June and 84.67 kg·km-2 in December, and the average abundance was 11.38×103 ind·km-2 in June and 3.21×103 ind·km-2 in December. Cluster analysis, analysis of similarity （ANOSIM） and similarity of percentage （SIMPER） showed that there existed spatiotemporal heterogeneity to some extent for the community structure of fish. Biota and environment matching showed that sea bottom temperature and sea bottom salinity were the major environmental factors dominating the fish community pattern, and depth factor had different influences in different months.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第7期1894-1904,共11页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项"蓝点马鲛种群动态对ENSO尺度气候变化的响应"(201562030)
青岛海洋科学与计数国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目(2015ASKJ02)资助
关键词
洋浦海域
鱼类
群落结构
时空分布
Yangpu waters
fish
community structure
spatiotemporal distribution.
