摘要
池塘常在冬季排水清塘,导致大量富营养化废水进入周围环境造成污染,因此研究低温下净化养殖废水对于保护环境、实现渔业可持续发展具有重要意义.采用室内模拟试验比较低温条件下(3.3-17.2℃)不同生物量的豆瓣菜浮床对池塘养殖废水中氮磷营养盐、高锰酸盐指数和叶绿素a的去除效果.试验共设置5个梯度水平,包括1个对照组(0 g/m^2)和4个处理组(100、200、300、400 g/m^2).结果显示豆瓣菜浮床能够降低水体p H值、溶解氧、电导率、氮磷营养盐浓度、高锰酸盐指数和叶绿素a浓度.试验第28和35天处理组4总氮去除率显著高于其他组(P<0.05).NH4-N去除率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,各组NH4-N去除率间没有显著差异.第7和14天各处理组的NO2-N去除率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着生物量的增加去除速率逐渐升高.第7天处理组1-3的NO3-N去除率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但试验后期各组NO_3-N去除率间无显著差异.第7天处理组2和处理组4中总磷去除率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),后期各组间无显著差异.第21天对照组高锰酸盐指数去除率显著高于处理组3和4(P<0.05),但与处理组1和2没有显著差异.第21天处理组2的叶绿素a去除率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05).综上认为豆瓣菜可作为低温条件下净化池塘养殖废水的浮床植物,综合考虑成本和净化效率其种植生物量为200 g/m^2较适宜.
To reduce pollution of aquatic environments, methods of purifying pond effluent must be known. There has been little research on purifying eutrophic water using a floating bed of aquatic plants under the condition of low temperature water. A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, permanganate index, and chlorophyll a purification by different biomasses of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. floating beds at low temperatures （3.3–17.2 ℃）. The experiment was designed with 5 biomass levels, including 1 control （0 g/m2） and 4 treatments （treatments 1–4, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/m2, respectively）. Results indicated that the N. officinale R. Br. floating beds could reduce pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient concentrations, permanganate index, and chlorophyll a concentration. On the 28th day and the 35th day, the TN removal rate of treatment 4 was significantly higher than those of the other treatments （P 〈 0.05）. The NH4-N removal rates presented a downward trend after first rising, and the NH4-N removal rates were not significantly different among all groups. On the 7th day and the 14th day, the NO2-N removal rates of all treatment groups were significantly higher than those of control （P 〈 0.05） and increased gradually with the increase of N. officinale R. Br. biomass. On the 7th day, the NO3-N removal rates of treatments 1–3 were significantly higher than that of control （P 〈 0.05）. However, there were no significant differences among all treatments on later days. On the 7th day, the TP removal rates of treatment 2 and treatment 4 were significantly higher than that of control （P 〈 0.05）, and there were no significant differences among all groups on later days. On the 21st day, the permanganate index removal rate of control was significantly higher than those of treatments 3 and 4 （P 〈 0.05）, but there were no significant differences among control and treatments 1 and 2. On t
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期420-426,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD27B02-6)
江苏省特色水产繁育工程实验室开放基金项目(CASB1306)
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-YW-N-47-06)
武汉市科技计划项目(2016020101010081)资助~~
关键词
低温
生物量
豆瓣菜浮床
池塘废水
净化
low temperature
biomass
Nasturium officinale R. Br. floating bed
pond effluent
purification
