摘要
目的了解我国基层医疗机构医院感染管理情况。方法通过2013年发放问卷调查和2016年网络问卷调查,利用两次调查中政府办社区卫生服务中心(站)和乡镇(街道)卫生院的数据,对我国基层医疗机构医院感染管理情况进行对比分析。结果排除未按时回复表格省份、剔除不合格数据,进入到本次分析范围的基层医疗机构2013年为224所(不含西藏、陕西),2016年为479所(不含西藏);2013和2016年设置独立的医院感染管理部门的基层医疗机构的比例分别为9.38%和26.30%(P<0.001);基层医疗机构内设置的四项医院感染相关制度中,职业防护制度(P=0.009)、手卫生制度(P=0.016)、医疗废物管理制度(P<0.001),三项制度制定的构成比两年比较差异均有统计学意义;医院感染报告制度(P=0.196),差异无统计学意义;基层医疗机构参加培训比例不高。结论近年我国基层医疗机构医院感染管理整体水平有所提升,但仍有很大的改进空间。要持续提升基层医疗机构医院感染管理工作水平,仍需健全组织管理机构,明确管理责任,保证各项制度落实到位,采用培训、考核等多种形式提升员工医院感染防控水平。同时加强医疗机构内部和外部的监管,提升基层医疗机构医院感染管理水平,保证医疗服务质量。
OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of control of nosocomial infections in grass-roots medical institutions in China.METHODS By means of questionnaire survey in 2013 and online questionnaire survey in 2016,the data were collected from the government run community health service centers and township（sub-district） health centers so as to understand the situation of control of nosocomial infections in the grass-roots medical institutions in China.RESULTS The eligible data were collected from 224 grass-roots medical institutions in 2013 （excluding Tibet and Shaanxi） and 479 institutions （excluding Tibet） in 2016.The proportion of the grass-roots medical institutions where independent nosocomial infections management departments were set up was 9.38% in 2013,26.30% in 2016 （P〈0.001）.As compared with the four related systems for management of nosocomial infections in grass roots medical institutions,there was significant difference in the constituent ratio of the established occupational protection system （P 0.009）,hand hygiene system （P=0.016）,and medical waste management system between 2013 and 2016;however,there was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of established nosocomial infection report system （P=0.196）.The proportion of the grass roots medical institutions that participated training was low.CONCLUSION In recent years,the overall level of nosocomial infections management has been improved in the grass roots medical institutions in China,but there is still a lot of extensible space.In order to continuously improve the level of management of nosocomial infections in the grass-roots medical institutions,it is necessary to make sound organization and management institutions,define the management responsibility,guarantee the implementation of the systems,raise the level of control of nosocomial infections by training and assessment,strengthen the internal and external supervision of the medical institutions,and ensure the level of management of nosocomial infection as
作者
叶全富
赵烁
杨蕾
付强
高晓东
YE Quan-fu ZHAO Shuo YANG Lei FU Qiang GAO Xiao-dong(National Institute of Hospital Administration, Beijing 100191, China)
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第12期2821-2823,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
国家卫生和计划生育委员会基金资助项目(2013-07-26)
中国医院协会基金资助项目(CHA-2016-026-053)
关键词
基层医疗机构
医院感染管理
分析
Grass-roots medical institution
Management of nosocomial infection
Analysis
