摘要
受三峡水库蓄水拦沙影响,坝下游河道将发生长距离、长时期的调整,并引起河势调整、崩岸增加、枯水位下降、荆江三口分流减少等河道反应,需采取科学的应对措施。介绍了国外关于均衡河流与优良河道形态的描述,引入传统五行系统观,分析了比降、流速、床沙、悬沙、水深5个因子的循环激励与制约关系,阐述了河流演变系统自动调整与再平衡过程。为应对河道反应,提出了河道整治与崩岸治理、水库优化调度、河道监测与分析研究等对策,探讨了河道治理原则和典型河段治理思路,建议采用护底加糙、口门改道、潜坝限流等整治措施,以期为坝下游河道保护与治理提供参考。
After the operation of Three Gorges Reservoir, due to the reservoir impoundment and sediment reduction, the river channel at the downstream of the dam would be adjusted in a long period of time, which brings problems such as river regime ad-justment ,more riverbank col lapse , lower water level in dry season and smaller diversion ratio of three outlets of Jingjiang River reach, so the scientific countermeasures are needed. First, the international description of balanced river and good channel shape is introduced. Second, with ancient Chinese five elements system ideal, the cycling motivation and restriction relations of slope, flow velocity, bed load, suspended load and water depth are analyzed. Third, the automatic adjustment and rebalancing process of the river evolution system is elaborated. To deal with the river channel response, many countermeasures are put forward, such as river regulation, bank collapse harnessing, optimized reservoir dispatch, river channel monitoring and scientific research. Then, the river regulation principles and management thoughts on typical river reach are discussed and the regulation measures such as river bottom protection and resistance enlargement, river outlet realignment and submerged dike are recommended. It will provide references to the river protection and river regulation at the downstream of dams.
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2017年第11期1-6,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51339001)
"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2013BAB12B02)
水利部公益性行业专项(201401021)
三峡后续工作科研项目(0001792015CB50003)
关键词
河道反应
河流演变系统
自动调整
再平衡
河道治理
三峡水库
river channel response
river evolution system
automatic adjustment
river system rebalance
river regulation
Three Gorges Reservoir
