摘要
沉水植物富含氮、磷和钾等营养元素,通过堆肥实现营养物质的回收和利用是沉水植物资源化的有效途径。但是沉水植物含水率高、碳氮比低,需要对其进行一定的优化才能实现更好的堆肥效果。本研究采用麦秸、树叶分别作为辅料和沉水植物进行混合好氧堆肥实验,沉水植物好氧堆肥作为控制组。通过测定温度、挥发分、耗氧速率、电导率、种子发芽率(GI)、总氮、总磷和总钾等以评价堆肥产品的腐熟度和养分。结果表明,沉水植物好氧堆肥具有一定可行性,堆肥产品总养分含量为6.01%,符合有机肥使用标准(NY525-2012)中对总养分的要求,具有较好腐熟度,但堆肥产品pH值为8.90,大于标准值8.50,氮素损失率为35.11%;通过分别添加麦秸、树叶与沉水植物混合堆肥,堆肥产品pH值分别为8.33和8.24,氮素损失率分别为20.25%和11.21%;由电导率、GI、碳氮比综合分析3组堆肥产品腐熟度从高到低顺序为沉水植物与树叶>沉水植物与麦秸>沉水植物。通过添加富碳辅料如麦秸、树叶与沉水植物混合堆肥可以提高堆肥产品腐熟度,减少氮素损失提高肥效。
Composting is an effective way to attain the goal of reclamation for submerged plants after harvest since it is rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.However, the composting process needs to be optimized because it is affected by its high moisture content and low C/N ratio.This study focused on aerobic co-composting of submerged plants with two different materials, namely wheat straw and leaves, and the composting of submerged plants alone was set as a control.Indicators such as temperature, volatile solids （VS）, oxygen uptake rate, electric conductivity （EC）, germination index（GI）, total nitrogen（TN）, total phosphorous（TP）, and total potassium（TK） were measured in order to evaluate its maturity and nutriments.It was demonstrated that using composted submerged plant products as organic fertilizer was feasible with high maturity, and the final total nutrient content of the compost was 6.01%, which met organic fertilizer standards （NY525-2012）.However, the pH value of the compost （8.90） was greater than the standard value （8.50）, and the nitrogen loss rate was 35.11%, while the pH values of co-composted submerged plants with wheat straw and leaves were 8.33 and 8.24, respectively, and the nitrogen loss rates were 20.25% and 11.21%, respectively.Based on the analyses of EC, C/N and GI, the maturity of the four composts wereranked in the following order：co-composting of submerged plants with leaves 〉 co-composting of submerged plants with wheat straw 〉 composting of submerged plants.It can be concluded that co-composting submerged plants with materials that are rich in carbon, such as wheat straw and leaves, will favor nitrogen fixation and benefit the maturity of compost.
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期3759-3766,共8页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
北京市科委基金项目(D141100001214003)
关键词
沉水植物
好氧堆肥
辅料
有机肥料
submerged plants
aerobic composting
auxiliary materials
organic fertilizer
