摘要
文中指出,花岗岩研究存在两个误区:(1)花岗岩没有自己独立的理论,花岗岩主要是效仿玄武岩的理论;(2)花岗岩的理论主要是应用板块构造的理论,而板块构造的理论并不适合大陆花岗岩。板块构造理论只能解决海洋里及海洋边缘的问题(如安第斯),不能解决大陆本身的问题。花岗岩在海洋里很少,绝大部分在大陆。花岗岩能否分离结晶是学术界争论的重大问题,本文从野外和镜下关系上、从理论上、方法学上和三段论法的逻辑学上进行了分析,指出花岗岩分离结晶作用是不可能的。混合作用是又一个争论的焦点,花岗岩是能够发生混合作用的,关键是笔者认为,花岗岩的混合作用主要发生在下地壳底部,而不是在花岗岩侵位和上升的过程中。目前,花岗岩研究领域里地球化学最受重视,花岗岩地球化学研究应当着力解决两个问题:(1)解决生产中提出的问题;(2)解决地球化学学科自身发展提出的问题。离开这两条,花岗岩地球化学研究即迷失了方向。笔者认为,花岗岩区分为大洋系列和大陆系列,位于海洋和海洋边缘受俯冲作用影响的为大洋系列;位于大陆内部的属于大陆系列。现存的一些花岗岩构造环境判别图仅适用于大洋系列的花岗岩,而不适用于大陆系列的花岗岩。大陆系列花岗岩的地球动力学意义不是构造环境或碰撞环境,而是地壳底部温度和压力状况。我们提出的花岗岩按照Sr-Yb的分类,适合于解释大陆花岗岩的地球动力学问题。花岗岩与成矿的关系是学术界争论的重大问题,争论的焦点主要集中在两个问题上:(1)岩浆是怎么形成的?岩浆源自哪里?(2)流体是怎么形成的?流体来自哪里,流体如何上升?为了探讨上述问题,文中主要讨论了岩浆热场理论,希望用这个理论去解释与花岗岩有关的各种成矿作用,包括与岩浆有关的各种变质和沉积热液成矿作用以及岩
Granite and continental tectonic and their relationship with mineralization is two of the most widely discussed fields among earth sciences, for hundreds of years, it has made great achievements and great progress of petrology and mineral deposits. However, there are still problems in basic theory of granite. Two misunderstandings in granite researches： （1） granite without its own independent theory, granite is mainly follow the theory of basalt, such as fractional crystallization, the magma mixing, magma source, tectonic environment, etc. （2） the theories of granite is mainly the application of plate tectonic theory, and plate tectonic theory is not suitable for the study of continental granites. Plate tectonic theory is a good theory, but the plate tectonic theory can only solve the problems of the ocean and the edge （ Andes ）, can＇t solve the problems of the continent itself. Granite is mainly located in the continent, very few in the ocean. Fractional crystallization of granite is a major issue of the academic debate, this article points out that the granite fractional crystallization is impossible, is analyzed from the field, the microscopic relations, theoretically, the methodology and the logic of syllogism. Magma mixing is another issue, and the author believed that the mixture of granite mainly occurs in the bottom of the earth＇s lower crust, rather than in the process of granite emplacement and rising. Magmatic emplacement, leaving the source area and the temperature drop, is not conducive to the magma mixing. Granite is mainly physical mixing （basalt is a chemical mingling）. At present, geochemical research is the most valued in the granite field. Granite geochemical research should focus on solving two problems： （1） solving questions raised by production; （2） deal with the problem raised by geochemistry their own development. Granite geochemical research is lost with leaving this two. About granite and continental tectonic problems, the author thinks that, granite shoul
出处
《岩石学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期1524-1540,共17页
Acta Petrologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91014001)
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室项目(81300001)联合资助
关键词
花岗岩
大陆构造
板块构造
分离结晶
成矿作用
岩浆热场
大数据
Granite
Continental tectonics
Plate tectonics
Fractional crystallization
Mineralization
Magma thermal field
Big data
