摘要
土壤参数控制了水和空气在土壤界面的运动,对区域内水分循环产生主要影响。三峡库区土壤种类众多,区域分异明显,且同一种土壤在不同地区的理化性质也不尽相同。为了能更加精确地模拟库区径流过程,基于SWAT模型,采用了高精度的土壤空间数据,系统研究了土壤属性参数的确定方法,建立了高精度的土壤数据库。用LHOAT方法、SWAT-CUP软件及SUFI-2算法进行了参数敏感性分析、参数率定、模型验证和不确定性分析,对三峡库区2010—2013年的日径流过程进行模拟。结果表明:对径流模拟影响最明显的5个土壤参数为SOL_AWC,SOL_Z,SOL_K,SOL_CBN和SOL_BD。6个水文站率定期和验证期的平均确定性系数、平均纳什效率系数、平均相对误差分别为:0.818,0.798,6.778%,流量模拟值与实测值过程线总体拟合程度较好。研究揭示了土壤参数对径流模拟的潜在影响作用,为大尺度流域水文模拟和区域水量平衡研究可提供基础支持。
Soil parameters control the movement of air and water in the soil slope,and have the major influence on regional water cycle.Soil types in the three Gorges Reservoir Region are numerous,and there are obvious differences among them.In addition,physical and chemical properties of the same soil are not identical in different regions.In order to simulate the runoff process of the reservoir region more accurately,we studied the best method of determining soil attribute data based on SWAT model,and established a high-precision soil database combining the attribute data and a high precise spatial data.We simulated the daily runoff process from 2010 to 2013of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.LH-OAT method,SWAT-CUP and SUFI-2were used for sensitivity analysis,calibration,validation and uncertainty analysis.The results showed that the top 5sensitive soil parameters are SOL_AWC,SOL_Z,SOL_K,SOL_CBN and SOL_BD.The mean coefficient of determination,Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient and absolute percentage error were 0.818,0.798,and 6.778%,respectively.The model performed well in simulating runoff process and the result was accurate.This research reveals the potential influence of soil parameters during the process of runoff simulation,and provides important basic support for hydrological simulation in large-scale watersheds and regional water balance research.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期45-52,58,共9页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十二五"重大科技专项水专项项目"三峡库区及上游流域水环境风险评估与预警技术研究与示范课题"(2013ZX07503-001)
