摘要
Land fallow is of great significance for undertaking land reclamation, safeguarding national food security, promoting environmental improvements and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources. This paper reviews the important achievements in three areas of research on the land fallow system. It reviews and compares the land fallow system in different countries and regions of the world; it examines the response of farmers to the land fallow system and ecological environment; and it looks at the economic effects of the land fallow system. Based on Chi- na＇s rotation system for cultivated land, some relevant policy implications are put forward. Based on the different degrees of land damage, the evaluation system and the subsidy accounting standard for fallow land are formulated, and the compulsory fallow and voluntary participation of the niche fallow are targeting. The land fallow system should improve both the regulatory and the restraint mechanisms, improve the environmental awareness and en- vironmental protection skills of farmers, change the production behaviors of farmers, and encourage farmers to change to high coverage crops to protect the land. In view of the negative effects produced by implementation of the fallow system should take corresponding management and compensation measures.
土地休耕对于耕地休养生息,保障国家粮食安全、促进生态环境改善和土地资源永续利用具有重要意义。本文从世界不同国家和地区土地休耕制度比较、土地休耕制度的农户响应以及土地休耕制度带来的生态环境和经济效应三个方面回顾了国内外关于土地休耕制度研究所取得的重要成果。在此基础上,针对中国耕地轮作休耕制度,提出了相关的政策建议:(1)根据土地受破坏程度的不同,制定休耕土地评价体系和补贴核算标准,有针对性的将强制休耕与自愿参与相结合;(2)完善监管机制和约束机制,提高农户环境意识、环保技能,改变农户的生产习惯,鼓励农民有针对性的改种其他覆盖率较高的作物保护土地。(3)针对休耕制度实施过程中产生负面效应采取相对应的管理和补偿措施。
作者
WU Qing
XIE Hualin
吴箐;谢花林(江西财经大学生态文明研究院,南昌330013;江西财经大学旅游与城市管理学院,南昌330032;江西财经大学江西省生态文明制度建设协同创新中心,南昌330013)
基金
Key projects of the National Social Science Fund of China(No.15AZD075)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41561040)
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20143ACB21023)
Technology Foundation of Jiangxi Education Department of China(No.KJLD14033&GJJ160431)
Fok Ying-Tung Fund(No.141084)
