摘要
目的了解医院感染病原菌及其耐药情况。方法回顾性收集2013—2015年某医院院内感染病原菌相关资料,对其分布及耐药性进行分析。结果 2013—2015年医院感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌分离率逐年升高,而革兰阳性菌分离率逐年下降。革兰阴性菌耐药性较高的是大肠埃希菌,鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单孢菌,3年间大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林的耐药率均大于90.0%;鲍曼不动杆菌对实验常用抗菌药物耐药率大于50.0%;铜绿假单胞菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药率较高。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素和氨苄西林的耐药率最高。粪肠球菌对苯唑西林、利福平的耐药率100%。未发现对万古霉素耐药菌株。结论 2013—2015年医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其中以大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌最为常见,革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、粪肠球菌和肺炎链球菌最为常见。病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况严重。
Objective To explore the bacterial distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection in hospital. Methods Data was collected retrospectively in a general hospital during 2013-2015, the bacterial distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results During 2013-2015, gram negative bacteria were the main pathogens of nosocomial infection, and the isolation rate increased year by year. The isolation rate of gram positive bacteria decreased year by year. Gram negative bacteria resistance rate were the followings respectively： Escherichia coil, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, β-laetams and cephalosporin. In the course of three years, Eseherichia coli to ampicillin resistance rates were more than 90. 0%, Acinetobacter baumannii to most antimicrobial resistance rates were greater than 50. 0% ; the resistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics was higher in general . Staphylococcus aureus resistance rate to penicillin and ampicillin was the highest, and was highly sensitive to vancomycin. The resistant rate of erythromycin faecalis to oxacillin and rifampicin was the highest, and the resistant rate of erythromycin faecalis to erythromycin was increased year by year, and was highly sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion Clinical isolations of pathogenic bacteria were dominated by gram negative bacteria, in which Escherichia coli, Bauman Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneu- moniae were the most common. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, fecal and Streptococcus pneumoniae were most common in gram positive bacteria. The resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is serious.
出处
《医学研究与教育》
CAS
2017年第2期33-37,共5页
Medical Research and Education
基金
河北省研究生创新资助项目(S2016039)
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
分析
hospital infection
pathogenic bacteria
drug resistance
analysis
