摘要
目的 探讨不同类型含碘造影剂过敏反应的预防及处理原则.方法 选择拟行增强CT检查的患者240例,根据造影剂类型不同,将其分为离子型造影剂组（对照组）80例,非离子型造影剂组（观察组）160例.按照ADR分级评估过敏反应,观察两组患者不同程度过敏反应的构成比;观察诱发过敏反应的造影剂构成比;观察不同过敏反应患者的临床表现.结果 对照组出现8例轻度过敏患者,观察组出现7例轻度过敏患者;对照组出现7例中度过敏患者,观察组出现6例中度过敏患者;对照组出现4例重度过敏患者,观察组出现2例重度过敏患者;观察组总过敏15例,对照组总过敏19例,观察组过敏例数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（x2=9.063,P＜0.05）.离子型造影剂为60%泛影葡胺,造影80例诱发19例过敏反应;非离子型造影剂碘普罗胺造影79例,诱发9例过敏反应;非离子型造影剂碘海醇造影81例,诱发6例过敏反应.所有患者表现为消化系统症状如恶心呕吐、头晕胸闷;心血管系统症状如休克、血压改变;过敏症状如皮疹、全身乏力、寒战发热、眼睑水肿、咽喉部不适及声音改变等.结论 非离子型含碘造影剂在过敏反应发生率方面低于离子型造影剂,且做好防治不同类型过敏反应是降低患者损伤的重要措施,值得临床医师重视.
Objective To explore the prevention and treatment principles of different types of iodine contrast agents.Methods 240 patients with CT enhancement were divided into two groups according to the contrast agent type： 80 patients with ionic contrast agent （control group）, 160 cases with non-ionic contrast agent （observation group）.The allergic reaction was evaluated according to the ADR classification.The constituent ratio of the allergic reaction was observed in the two groups.The contrast ratio of the hypersensitive reaction was observed.The clinical manifestations of the allergic reaction were observed.Results In the control group, there were 8 cases of mild allergic patients,7 cases of mild allergic patients in the observation group,7 cases of moderate allergic patients in the control group,6 cases of moderate allergic patients in the observation group,4 cases of severe allergic patients.There were 2 cases of severe allergic patients in the observation group.In the observation group, there were 15 cases of total allergies and 19 cases of total allergies in the control group.The number of allergies in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （x2=9.063,P〈0.05）.80 cases of contrast agent induced 19 cases of allergic reaction;non-ionic contrast agent iodopromide 79 cases, induced 9 cases of allergic reactions;non-ionic contrast agent iodohydrin contrast 81 cases.Allergy symptoms such as skin rash, malaise, chills and fever, eyelid edema, throat discomfort and voice, such as nausea and vomiting, dizziness, chest tightness, cardiovascular symptoms such as shock, blood pressure changes and so on.Conclusion Non-ionic iodine contrast agent is superior to ionic contrast agent in the incidence of allergic reaction.However, it is an important measure to reduce the patients＆#39; injury caused by different types of hypersensitivity reaction.It is worth the attention of clinicians.
出处
《中国基层医药》
CAS
2017年第11期1685-1688,共4页
Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy
关键词
造影剂
碘
过敏反应
Contrast Media
Iodine
Anaphylaxis
