摘要
目的了解2010~2015年扬州市水痘疫情流行特征及水痘病例免疫情况,为制定水痘防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对所有报告病例疫情资料和水痘疫苗免疫状况资料进行分析。结果扬州市2010~2015年水痘发病3 307例,发病率为12.01/10万,平均发病年龄为12.52岁,2015年发病率最高15.24/10万,2013年最低8.90/10万(P<0.01)。宝应县发病率最高16.82/10万,仪征市最低5.19/10万(P<0.01);11、12月至次年1和5、6月2个高峰时间发病为主,发病数分别占发病总数的36.95%和21.74%;7~9岁和4~6岁发病为主,发病数分别占发病总数的25.37%和15.06%。水痘疫苗报告接种率为60.86%,2005年以后年满1周岁以后发病的人群接种水痘疫苗后发病的占55.05%。结论扬州市水痘年平均发病率低于全国和浙江省的发病率水平,水痘疫苗免疫接种率低,接种1剂次水痘疫苗不能提供足够的免疫水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features and vaccination for varicella in Yangzhou city, 2010- 2015,so as to provide basis for formulating strategy of varicella prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze all the data of reported varicella cases and vaccination for them. Results A total of 3 307 varicella cases were reported in Yangzhou city,2010-2015 ,the incidence was 12.01/10^5. The average age of cases was 12.52 years old. The highest incidence was 15.24/10^5 in 2015 and the lowest incidence was 8.90/10^5 in 2013（ P 〈0.01）. The incidence was the highest in Baoying county at 16.82/105 and the lowest in Yizheng city at 5.19/10^5 （ P 〈0.01）. The two peaks were in November and December to the next January and May to June,accounting for 25.37% and 21.74% of all the cases respectively. 7-9 years old and 4-6 years old were the two main case groups, accounting for 25.37 % and 15.06 % of all the cases respectively The reported incidence of varicella vaccination was 60.860%. The cases who were 1 year old after 2005 with immunization history was 55.05%. Conclusion The average annual incidence in Yangzhou city is lower than that of the national and Zhejiang province. The immunization rate of varicella is low. A single dose varicella vaccine cannot boost enough immunity level in people.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2017年第3期209-211,共3页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
水痘
流行特征
水痘疫苗
免疫
Varicella
Epidemiological feature
Varicella vaccine
Immunization
