摘要
目的监测湖北省中医院(以下简称"我院")泌尿外科尿培养阳性标本中分离菌的种类及耐药状况,为临床治疗合理选择用药提供依据,并预防手术后泌尿系统感染。方法回顾性分析2015年1月~2016年12月我院泌尿外科送检的尿培养阳性结果。结果共收集泌尿外科患者尿培养标本1447份,培养阳性153份,阳性率为10.5%。153份阳性标本中,革兰阳性菌49株,占32%;革兰阴性菌104株,占68%。49株革兰阳性菌中,前两位的是粪肠球菌(20株)、屎肠球菌(10株);104株革兰阴性菌中,前三位的是大肠埃希菌(52株)、铜绿假单胞菌(25株)和肺炎克雷伯菌(12株)。革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星及第四代头孢的耐药率较低,革兰阳性菌对呋喃妥因、利奈唑胺、万古霉素的耐药率较低。结论我院泌尿外科尿培养的菌群以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肠球菌为主,并且对抗菌药物均有不同程度的高耐药性,临床上应根据细菌培养及药敏试验,合理选用抗菌药物,最大限度地减少耐药菌株的产生,预防院内感染。
Objective To monitor the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens from the urine culture of Urinary Surgery Department in Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine （＂our hospital＂ for short）, for the ra- tional choice of medication to provide a basis for treatment, and to prevent postoperative urinary tract infection. Methods The positive results of the urine culture of Urinary Surgery Department in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 1447 urine samples were collected from urinary surgery patients, 153 cases were positive culture, the positive rate was 10.5%. Among 153 positive samples, 49 strains were Gram-posi- tive bacteria, accounting for 32%; 104 strains were Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 68%. The first two strains of 49 Gram-positive bacteria were Enterococcus faecalis （20 strains）, Enterococcus faecium （10 strains）. Among 104 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, the first three were Escherichia coli （52 strains）, Pseudomonas cteruginosa （25 strains） and Klebsiella pneumoniae （12 strains）. Resistant rate of Gram-negative bacteria on imipenem, amikacin and fourth-generation cephalosporins was low. Resistant rate of Gram-positive bacteria on the nitrofurantoin, linezolid, vancomycin was low. Conclusion Cultured flora of urinary culture from the Urinary Surgery Department in our hospital is mainly Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus. And the antimicrobial agents have different de- grees of high resistance. Clinically should be based on bacterial culture and susceptibility testing, the rational use of antibiotics, minimize the production of resistant strains and prevent nosocomial infection.
作者
韩竖霞
周立勤
倪维
HAN Shuxia ZHOU Liqin NI Wei(Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430061, China)
出处
《中国医药导报》
CAS
2017年第13期117-119,共3页
China Medical Herald
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81573815)
关键词
泌尿外科
尿培养
病原菌
耐药性
Department of Urinary Surgery
Urine culture
Pathogenic bacteria
Resistance
