摘要
飞机雷电电磁效应特性和耦合规律是飞机雷电间接效应防护设计和分析的重要依据。为此,通过采用电磁仿真和雷电实验相结合的方法,对某型直升机电子设备舱雷电感应磁场分布特性和变化规律进行了研究,探讨了设备舱主要雷电电磁耦合机制和效应参数,并比较、剖析了仿真和实验结果的差异。结果表明:不考虑缝隙耦合,设备舱雷电感应磁场呈周壁强、中部弱的空间分布规律,磁场矢量呈磁力线从设备舱侧壁穿透并扩散进入的分布形态,且强度朝内急速衰减降低;电阻降低能显著加强电流重新分布效应,加速并加强电流和磁场分布和扩散;在约2 m?蒙皮电阻设置下,当遭受雷电流分量A雷击时,设备舱内壁感应磁场高达25 mT,但在100~200 mm范围急速降至6 mT以下,中部磁场降至约2~4 mT;蒙皮由铝合金设为碳纤维,设备舱重新分布时间常数由7 ms加快至7μs,1 MHz的磁场扩散强度增加超过1个量级;设备舱缝隙耦合的共振频率在100 MHz以上,未能观察到振荡波形结构,共振作用并不显著。对比实验,仿真可较好复现窗口区的磁场分布形态和约2~15 mT的磁场量值,但尚需谨慎处理较次要的耦合效应以提高精度。
Aircraft lightning electromagnetic effect characteristics and coupling rule are the important basis of lightning indirect effect protection analysis and design. Thus, we researched the distribution and variation characteristics of transi- ent induced magnetic field of a helicopter electronic equipment cabin by using computer simulation and lightning experiment, discussed the coupling mechanism and effect parameters, and analyzed the difference between experimental and simulation results. The results show that, without considering slot coupling, the induced magnetic field is strong around the cabin peripheral skin, but weak in the middle of the cabin. The distribution of magnetic vector shows a diffu- sion shape of the magnetic field lines, penetrating through the side skin and diffused, into the cabin, but the intensity decreases rapidly towards the internal. With the decrease of the skin resistance, the current redistribution and the magnetic field diffusion are effectively strengthened and accelerated. When the skin resistance is about 2 m.Q and struck by light- ning current component A, the induced magnetic field of the cabin inwall is as high as 25 roT, but rapidly reduced to below 6 mT at 100-200 mm distance apart from the cabin skin, and further reduced to 2-4 mT in the middle of the cabin. When the skin material changes from aluminum to carbon fiber reinforced polymer, the redistribution time constant of the cabin is accelerated from 7 ms to 7 ~ts, and the magnetic field diffusion at 1 MHz can increase more than one order. The slot coupling resonance frequency exceeds 100 MHz, the oscillatory waveform structure is not observed in the magnetic field, and the resonance effect is not significant. Compared with experiment, the simulation can reproduce the distribution pattern of induced magnetic field in the window area of the cabin and about 2-15 mT magnitude of magnetic field, but it is necessary to consider the less important coupling effect to enhance the accuracy of the simulation.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期1409-1419,共11页
High Voltage Engineering
关键词
电子设备舱
雷电间接效应
雷电感应磁场
雷电电磁仿真
直升机
EMA3D
electronic equipment cabin
lightning indirect effect
lightning induced magnetic field
lightning electro- magnetic simulation
helicopter
EMA3D
