摘要
空气质量状况的优劣,直接关系到人体健康和经济社会可持续发展。利用2014年黑龙江省4个重点城市的空气质量数据,结合同期常规气象要素资料,分析了黑龙江省AQI指数基本特征及与气象要素的关系。分析结果表明:黑龙江省重点城市年平均AQI指数以哈尔滨最大(轻度污染级别),其次牡丹江、大庆、齐齐哈尔(良级别);单日空气质量指数最高值在大庆(500),其次是哈尔滨(490),牡丹江和齐齐哈尔单日最高值分别为264和251;AQI指数年分布特征是冬季最高,其次秋季,再次春季,夏季最低;首要污染物最多的是PM2.5,其次PM10、NO2和臭氧8 h。AQI指数与平均气温,在年尺度上呈负相关,月和四季呈正相关为主;与降水日呈负相关;与相对湿度是冷月(1—2月)呈正相关,渐暖月(5—6月)呈负相关;与最大风速,采暖季呈明显负相关;与本站气压呈正相关,与日照时数冬季呈负相关关系。
Air quality is directly related to human health and sustainable development of economy and society. Based on the air quality data of four key cities in Heilongjiang Province in 2014, combined with the conventional meteorological data during the same time, the basic characteristics of air quality index（AQI） in Heilongjiang Province and the relationship with meteorological elements were analyzed. The results show that annual average AQI in Harbin was the largest（slightly polluted）, followed by Mudanjiang, Daqing, Qiqihar（good）. The highest value of daily AQI happened in Daqing（500）, followed by Harbin（490）. The highest single day values in Mudanjiang and Qiqihar were 264 and 251, respectively. Winter had the highest seasonal average of AQI, followed by autumn and spring, and summer had the lowest average value. The primary pollutant was PM2.5, followed by PM10, NO2 and ozone for 8 hours.The AQI index and the average temperature were negatively correlated at the annual scale,while mainly positively correlated at the monthly and seasonal scale. AQI index was negatively correlated with precipitation, and positively correlated with the relative humidity in coldest months（January-February）, while negatively related with the relative humidity in warmer months（May-June）. There was significant negative correlation between AQI and maximum wind speed in heating season. And AQI is positively related to the station pressure, and negatively related to the sunshine hours in winter.
作者
康恒元
刘玉莲
李涛
KANG Heng-yuan LIU Yu-lian LI Tao(College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology, Nanjing 210044, China Harbin Bureau of Meteorology, Harbin 150001, China Heilongjiang Province Climate Center, Harbin 150030, China)
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期692-703,共12页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201413)
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306070)
黑龙江省气象局自立项目(HQ2016026)~~
关键词
黑龙江
空气质量指数
气象要素
Heilongjiang Province
air quality index
meteorological factors
