摘要
《马氏文通》将字分为实字和虚字两类,但现代学者几乎都将虚字等同于现代的虚词,而未从共时和历时的角度出发,探究马建忠笔下虚字的内涵。其实,虚字一词早在南朝时便已产生,指的是不用典故的词,但《汉语大词典》对其作了错误的解释。从北宋到清末,虚字的意义发生了分化,语法角度的虚字指仅有语法意义而无实际词义的词;词汇角度的虚字指对象比较抽象、没有实体的词;诗词角度的虚字指不重写景而重抒情的词。马建忠继承了从语法角度对虚字的理解,现代的虚词体系就是在马建忠的虚字概念上发展而来。
Ma Shi Wen Tong divided all the words into two categories-shizi and xuzi,bnt scholars equated xuzi with function word without exploring its concept and content from synchronic and diachronic perspective.In fact,the word xuzi has appeared in the Southern Dynasty, referring to the words do not have allusion,but Hanyu Da Cidian incorrectly explained it.From the Northern Song Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty,the meaning of xuzi has been divided.The grammatical point refers to the words with grammatical meaning rather than actual meaning,the lexical point refers to abstract and non-entity words,the poem＇s point refers to the words that emphasizes lyricism rather than scenery.Ma Jian-zhong inherited xuzi＇s meaning of the grammatical point,and pays more attention to the perspective of grammar.The modern system of function words is on Ma Jian- zhong＇s concept.
作者
李海龙
LI Hai-long(The College of Literature and Journalism of Sichuan University . Chengdu,610064,China)
出处
《福建江夏学院学报》
2017年第2期98-103,共6页
Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University
关键词
虚字
马建忠
阐释
xuzi
Ma Jian-zhong
explanation
