摘要
目的:解剖研究兔前交叉韧带止点的大体形态,建立椭圆形骨道改良重建兔前交叉韧带动物模型。方法:18只新西兰大白兔(2.5~3 kg),8只用于前交叉韧带止点解剖研究,10只用于椭圆形骨道动物模型的建立。去除兔膝关节股骨内髁和前交叉韧带周围软组织,观察兔前交叉韧带股骨和胫骨止点形态,并使用游标卡尺对止点长短径进行测量。制作椭圆形骨道扩孔器(截面1.6 mm×2.5 mm),对10只新西兰大白兔右腿行椭圆形骨道重建前交叉韧带作为椭圆形骨道组,对其左腿用传统方法圆形骨道(截面直径2 mm)重建前交叉韧带作为圆形骨道组。取兔自体半腱肌放入骨道并固定,观察移植物与骨道的匹配程度。术后立即对兔双侧膝关节行三维CT扫描,对股骨和胫骨骨道的截面积、长径、短径、直径进行测量。结果:兔前交叉韧带止点的解剖形态为椭圆形。股骨止点的长径为5.28±0.83 mm,短径为2.61±0.33 mm。胫骨止点长径为5.33±0.40 mm,短径为2.68±0.11 mm。移植物肌腱与骨道匹配良好,未见明显空隙。椭圆形骨道组股骨骨道截面积为3.18±0.09 mm^2,胫骨骨道截面积为3.26±0.15 mm^2。圆形骨道组股骨骨道截面积为3.13±0.10 mm^2,胫骨骨道截面积为3.11±0.11 mm^2。椭圆形骨道组和圆形骨道组之间骨道截面积无显著差异。结论:兔前交叉韧带止点为椭圆形。使用自制椭圆形骨道扩孔器可成功构建与圆形骨道相对应的兔椭圆形骨道动物模型,并有很好的移植物与骨道匹配性,为下一步深入研究奠定了实验动物模型基础。
Objective To study the general shape of anterior cruciate ligament（ACL） insertion in rab-bits and establish an animal model of ACL reconstruction using oval tunnels. Methods Eighteen maturewhite New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. Eight of them were used for anatomy study andthe other 10 were for building an animal model. After removal of the medial femoral condyle and oth-er soft tissues around ACL,the morphology of the ACL insertion was examined and the diameter ofACL insertions was measured using a caliper. An oval-tunnel dilator（1.6 mm×2.5 mm） was designedto make an oval-tunnel in the right knee of the rabbits while a round tunnel was drilled using a2 mm diameter Kirschner wire in the left knee of the rabbits. Their hamstring tendon grafts were har-vested as grafts for both sides and the compatibility between the bone tunnel and graft was examinedfor both groups. Right after the surgery,the knees of both sides were given the three-dimensional CTscan. Results The shape of ACL insertion of rabbits was oval. In the femur side,the average major and minor diameter of the ACL insertion was 5.28 ± 0.83 mm and 2.61 ± 0.33 mm respectively. In thetibial side,the major and the minor diameter of the ACL insertion was 5.33 ± 0.40 mm and 2.68 ±0.11 mm. The bone tunnel was compatible with the graft in both groups. In the oval tunnel ACL recon-struction group,the cross sectional area of the femoral bone tunnel was 3.18 ± 0.09 mm^2 and thecross sectional area of the tibial bone tunnel was 3.26 ± 0.15 mm^2. In the round tunnel ACL recon-struction group,the corresponding measurements were 3.13 ± 0.10 mm^2 and 3.11 ± 0.11 mm^2respective-ly. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion The shape of ACL inser-tion in rabbits is oval. Using the self-made oval tunnel dilator we have successfully built an oval tun-nel ACL reconstruction animal model with a good compatibility between the bone tunnel and graft.This lays the foundation for further research in the future.
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期300-305,共6页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
北京市科技新星计划[项目编号:xx2014003(A)]
关键词
椭圆形骨道
前交叉韧带
重建
动物模型
解剖
oval tunnel
anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction
animal model
anatomy
