摘要
以浅色系厚皮甜瓜品种‘九红瑞’为试材,将有机氯杀菌剂(腐霉利,FML)和杀虫剂(高效氯氟氰菊酯,LJZ)分别配制成1 000倍和2 000倍药液,对开花后第15天的甜瓜果实进行单独喷施处理,在果实污染危害症状显现时,利用叶绿素荧光动力学技术对其污染效应进行分析和评价。结果表明:与对照相比(清水加助剂,CK),甜瓜果实在喷施有机氯农药后的第7天便开始产生明显的污染危害症状,且表现出多位点毒害特征,即不仅破坏原初光化学结构,还降低碳吸收动力学活性,更为重要的是增加光能过量耗散,引起光系统II(PSII)乃至整个光合机构的光抑制甚至光损伤,间接导致甜瓜果实表面组织的热灼伤斑点发生。通过模糊数学的隶属函数法对甜瓜果实受有机氯农药污染的程度进行综合评价,结果发现LJZ污染程度明显高于FML的,且随着喷施浓度的增大而增强。
The 1 000 and 2 000 times dilution of fungicides（procymidone,FML）and insecticides（lambdacyhalothrin,LZJ）of organo-chlorine pesticides were alone applied to spray young muskmelon fruits of‘Jiuruihong＇at the 15^th day after flowering,respectively.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured by Mini-Imaging-Pam to analysis and evaluate the pollution effects of organo-chlorine pesticides.The results showed that,compared with the control（water plus additives,CK）,pollution symptom charactered by scatter and non-uniform spots distribution was observed on muskmelon fruit surface at the 7^th day after spraying pesticides.Not only had the primary photochemical apparatus been destroyed,but also dynamic activity of carbon absorption had been reduced.Moreover,the excess energy dissipation produced by increase of Y（NPQ）and Y（NO）could cause photoinhibition or damage of PSⅡand/or entire photosynthetic apparatus,led to the generation of thermal burning spots on muskmelon fruit surface.The comprehensive pollution index（CPI）calculated by using subordinative fuzzy function was used to evaluate pollution level of different organo-chlorine pesticides on muskmelon fruits.The greater pollution level was recorded in LZJ than FML,and the higher concentration related to LJZ practices attributed to severe pollution level.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第7期18-22,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
河北省科技支撑计划资助项目(13226419D)
关键词
甜瓜
有机氯农药
综合污染指数
叶绿素荧光
muskmelon
organo-chlorine pesticides
comprehensive pollution index
chlorophyll fluorescence
