摘要
目的初步探讨住院精神分裂症患者口腔卫生的现况。方法随机选择广州市民政局精神病院住院精神分裂症患者158例,按总病程将其分为1-5年组和5年以上组,采用自制的住院精神分裂症患者口腔卫生现状调查问卷和口腔评估精神科护理指南（OAG-PC）量表对其进行横断面调查。结果总病程1-5年组和5年以上组精神分裂症患者性别、文化程度、家庭收入、婚姻状况和精神疾病家族史比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;总病程1-5年组和5年以上组精神分裂症患者口腔保健比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;总病程1-5年组和5年以上组精神分裂症患者牙缺失情况比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;总病程1-5年组和5年以上组精神分裂症患者口中的气味、嘴唇、唾液、舌头、牙齿的外观、口腔黏膜和牙龈的比较,差异均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;两组牙齿或假牙的部位、牙齿中的结石、是否有牙齿松动、口腔中下腭牙齿的数目和口腔中上腭牙齿的数目的比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论精神分裂症患者是特殊的弱势群体,其病程越长,口腔健康越差,牙缺失、牙结石、牙松动等情况较严重,严重影响了患者的咀嚼功能。社会、医疗机构和患者家属都应重视精神分裂症患者的口腔卫生状况,并采取积极的防治措施,提高患者的生活质量。
Objective To explore oral health status of patients with schizophrenia in hospital.Methods A total of 158 patients with schizophrenia in hospital were randomly selected from Mental Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Administration,and according to the total course divided into 1 - 5 years group and more than 5years group,respectively.The subjects were surveyed with self-made general situation questionnaire and the Oral Assessment Guide for Psychiatric Care（OAG-PC）.Results The comparison of the total course of 1 - 5 years group and more than 5 years group of patients with schizophrenia in gender,educational level,family income,marital status and family history of mental illness,the difference was no statistically significant（P〉0.05）.The comparison of the total course of 1 - 5 years group and more than 5 years group of patients with schizophrenia in oral health care,the difference was statistically significant（P〉0.05）.The comparison of the total course of 1 - 5years group and more than 5 years group of patients with schizophrenia in missing teeth,the difference was no statistically significant（P〉0.05）.The comparison of the total course of 1 - 5 years group and more than 5 years group of patients with schizophrenia in the smell of the mouth,lips,and saliva,tongue,teeth,mucous membranes and gum,the difference was no statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The comparison of the two groups in teeth or dentures,calculus on teeth,looseness of teeth,number of teeth in the upper jaw and number of teeth in the lower jaw of the two group.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusions Schizophrenia is a special vulnerable groups.the longer its duration,the worse oral health,tooth loss,dental calculus and tooth loosening situation are more serious,which seriously affecting the masticatory function in patients with schizophrenia.Social,medical institutions and families should emphasize on the oral health of patients with schizophrenia,and to take active preventive measures to improve the p
出处
《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》
2016年第36期4563-4565,共3页
Journal of Qiqihar Medical University
