摘要
论文梳理了中国政府在设立归难侨的安置制度以及制定相应的华侨农场政策中的治理逻辑及其治理绩效。研究发现,政府对华侨农场及归难侨的治理经历了三个阶段:从设立之初强调"政治任务",到体制改革后注重"经济发展",再到后来对"社会和谐"的重视。华侨农场的设立具有安置归难侨、改善其生活的政治属性。但是,政府对华侨农场以及归难侨长期的特殊照顾导致了国家沉重的经济负担。出于提高生产效率、改善归难侨生活的目标,政府对华侨农场进行经济体制改革。这一政策给华侨农场及其社区内的归难侨群体的生产、生活带来较大冲击,中央及各级地方政府面临着平衡"经济发展"与"社会和谐"之间张力的两难。国家的这种二元需求与社会结构、中央—地方关系等因素互动,共同影响了归难侨安置制度与华侨农场治理政策的变革轨迹以及治理绩效。
This paper reviewes the governance logic and performance efficiency in the institutionalarrangement of returned persecuted overseas Chinese and the related policies on overseas Chinese farm which were developed by the Chinese government. The study finds that, Chinese government has gone through three phases for the arrangement of returned persecuted overseas Chinese and the related policies on overseas Chinese farm： emphasize the ＂the political task＂ at the beginning of the arrangement, emphasize ＂economy development＂ after the revolution of the system, then focus on ＂social harmony＂ afterwards. The establishment of overseas Chinese farms has the political features of the arrangement of returned persecuted overseas Chinese and improvement of their lives. But the long-term special care of the government for the overseas Chinese farms and returned persecuted overseas Chinese became a heavy burden to the national economy. In the aim of increasing productive efficiency, improving lives of returned persecuted overseas Chinese, the government decided to reform the economic system of the overseas Chinese farms. This policy brought relative big impact to lives and productivities of the returned persecuted overseas Chinese communities in the overseas Chinese farms, and the central government and government from other levels faced the dilemma of balancing the ＂economic development＂ and ＂social harmony＂ in the governance process. The interaction between the dual goal of the nation and the factors such as social structure and central-local government relationship were both influencing the reform trajectory and governance efficiency on the institutional arrangement of returned persecuted overseas Chinese and the policies on overseas Chinese farms.
作者
黎相宜
LI Xiang-yi(School of International Relations, Institute of South China Sea Strategic Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)
出处
《华侨华人历史研究》
CSSCI
2017年第1期50-58,共9页
Journal of Overseas Chinese History Studies
基金
2016年国家社科基金青年项目"比较视角下的移民安置聚集区治理模式及其绩效研究"(16CSH017)
广东省哲学社会科学"十二五"规划2014年度特别委托项目"广州新移民与侨乡社会的互动"(项目批准号:GD14TW01-12)
2015年度中国侨联课题"广州珠江华侨农场归难侨群体的多向分层融入模式研究"(15CZQK214)的资助
关键词
侨务政策
华侨农场
归难侨安置
归侨
难侨
经济发展
社会和谐
policies of overseas Chinese
overseas Chinese farms
arrangement of persecuted returnedoverseas Chinese
returned overseas Chinese
persecuted overseas Chinese
economy development
socialharmony
