摘要
为了精确地估算产业部门不同类别与特征的大气污染源对指定区域的污染强度 ,采用暴露效率概念及其研究方法。以北京城区为例 ,应用大气污染扩散模型ISCST3,由污染排放数据、全年逐时气象数据以及市区人口分布 ,求得 1999年各污染源对北京市区SO2 ,PM10 ,NOx 等污染物浓度的贡献率和北京城区居民的暴露效率。研究表明 ,不同行业污染源导致SO2 暴露效率在 2× 10 -6~ 2 0× 10 -6之间 ,PM10 、NOx 暴露效率在 2× 10 -6~ 5 0× 10 -6之间。采暖 ,交通等行业部门的污染源产生的暴露效率较大 ,而污染物排放量较大的污染源 (电厂 ) ,由于远离人口密集区并且排放高度较高 ,因此暴露效率较小。
The concept and method of exposure efficiency are used to precisely estimate the pollution intensity at a specific region resulted by various air pollution sources of industrial sectors. The pollution contribution ratio of SO 2, PM 10 and NO x and relative exposure efficiency to residents are calculated using air pollution dispersion model ISCST3 and data of pollutants loadings, annual meteorology and urban population in the case of Beijing city. The results present that the SO 2 exposure efficiencies are 2×10 6~20×10 -6 and PM 10 ,NO x are 2×10 -6 ~50×10 -6 ,respectively. The exposure efficiencies of heating and transportation industries are much higher. Although with stronger loading,on the other hand,the exposure efficiency of power plants is rather lower due to its far distance away from urban area and higher emission height.
出处
《城市环境与城市生态》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第4期33-35,共3页
Urban Environment & Urban Ecology