摘要
针对圆盘空化器航行体入水空泡问题,开展约束航行体姿态的实验研究。实验研究了入水局部空泡、空泡正好闭合在航行体尾部及入水超空泡的生成、发展与倾斜入水下的空泡流动特性。分析了空泡尺寸与弗劳德数和欧拉数之间的关系,给出了入水空泡长度的变化规律,探讨了实验获得各种空泡流动形式的流动机理。结果表明,入水局部空泡长度在深水闭合之后有微小增加,空泡最终以云状空泡形式脱落溃灭。当空泡正好闭合在航行体尾部时空泡极易形成回射流与航行体及空泡尾部相互作用,影响空泡尾部流动形式。入水超空泡有较好的稳定性。倾斜入水空泡易受重力影响,空泡尾部上飘,导致航行体尾部与空泡的相互作用下的空泡拉断。倾斜入水空泡内气体弹性效应更加明显,空泡壁面出现波形,空泡长度发生振荡。
The water entry cavity experiment of a vehicle with a disc cavitator is carried out under the condition of the vehicle＇s posture is constrained. The underwater flow characteristics of water entry partial cavity, water entry cavity that the cavity is just closing on the body tail, water entry supercavitation, and inclined water entry cavity, were researched. The relationship between cavity sizes and the Froude number and Euler number were analyzed, the cavity length variation were developed, and the flow mechanism obtained in experiment were discussed. The results show that water entry partial cavity becomes longer after deep water closure, and that the cavity is collapsing with cloud cavity. When the cavity is closed at the end of the vehicle tail, the reentrant jet is easily formed and interacts with body tail and cavity which influence the flow characteristics of the cavity tail.The water entry supercavitation has good stability. The inclined water entry cavity is affected by gravity, and the cavity tail is floating upwards, resulting in a cavity tail snap by the interaction of the cavity and the body tail. The gas elastic effect is more obvious in the inclined water entry cavity, the waveform of cavity wall appears, and the cavity length oscillates.
作者
蒋运华
徐胜利
周杰
JIANG Yun-hua XU Sheng-li ZHOU Jie(School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
出处
《工程力学》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期241-246,共6页
Engineering Mechanics
基金
博士后科学基金面上项目(2014M560954)
国家自然科学基金项目(51409071)
关键词
航行体入水
空泡实验
局部空泡
超空泡
流动稳定性
vehicle water entry
cavity experiment
partial cavity
supercavitation
flow stability
