摘要
张浚、张栻父子创建的南宋城南书院是'乾淳四君子'创建私学、宣讲理学之始,但在以往的研究中,学界对其创建、门人、讲学活动等基本问题的研究较为欠缺,以致影响到城南书院的性质和地位的判定。我们通过从时间和地点两方面对城南书院及其主要门人加以考证,认为城南书院的主要门人是南轩后湖湘学和蜀学的主要力量。他们促进了南轩学在各地的传播,其求学机缘、地域分布、社会阶层等方面呈现出共同的群体性特征,从而展现了城南书院作为南宋私人讲学书院的一些基本特点。
The Chengnan Academy,established by Zhang Jun and his son Zhang Shi(styled as Nanxuan)in the Southern Song Dynasty,was the origin of offering private schooling and preaching Neo-Confucianism by the'Four Virtuous Qianchun Gentlemen'.However,there lacks adequate research on such basic issues as the establishment of the Academy,its disciples,and the lecturing activities,which gives insufficient support to making a judgment on the nature and the status of the Academy.This paper researches into the disciples of the Academy from the perspectives of time and place.Who could be recognized as disciples of Chengnan Academy?The conditions of qualification are:on the one hand,they were a student of Zhang Jun or Zhang Shi;on the other hand,they studied or sought knowledge in Chengnan Academy.The approximate number of the disciples in the Academy could be estimated from Nanxuan’s personal accounts:the Academy had enrolled no more than ten disciples every year,and as lectures were given for nine years,there were altogether less than one hundred disciples.Eighteen disciples of the Academy,including Wu Lie and his son who had studied here,have been studied in this research.Hu Dazhuang,Fang Lei,and Lv Shengji are not identified as their students in previous research,nevertheless,an examination of their letters,poems and essays,their correspondences with sages at that time,reveals that they are Nanxuan’s disciples and students of Chengnan Academy.Disciples of Chengnan Academy later became the mainstay of the Huxiang School of Thought and the Xichuan School of Thought,promoting the disseminating of Nanxuan’s learnings.Disciples of Chengnan Academy are mainly of four origins:most of them descendants of old friends and classmates,some of them pure strangers recommended by friends,some Zhang Shi’s younger family members,relatives and in-laws,and officials serving in Changsha,learning and seeking knowledge from Nanxuan as his disciples.The enrollment of almost all disciples had been facilitated by'profound friendship',and most o
出处
《大学教育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期81-87,共7页
University Education Science
基金
湖南省社科基金重大项目“中国书院通史”(13 ZD12)
关键词
书院研究
城南书院
门人
张栻
张浚
Changnan Academy
disciple
Zhang Shi
Zhang Jun
private schooling
