摘要
[目的]为摸清金斑蝶成虫的行为特征,[方法]在田间的网室内跟踪观察其飞行、取食、求偶、交配和产卵行为。[结果]表明:金斑蝶成虫羽化主要集中在8:00—10:00,成虫羽化当天基本处于停歇状态;羽化第2天起至交配前,雌雄成虫的日平均飞行次数及日平均飞行时间均逐渐增加,雄成虫的日飞行高峰在13:00—15:00,雌成虫的日飞行高峰期在9:00—11:00和15:00—17:00,雌雄成虫的日平均飞行次数、平均飞行时间和日飞行规律的差异均不显著(p>0.05);飞行次数与飞行时间均呈显著正相关(雌蝶:r=0.978,p<0.05;雄蝶:r=0.957,p<0.05)。金斑蝶雌雄成虫羽化次日开始取食,自羽化第2天起,雌雄成虫的日平均取食次数及日平均取食时间均逐渐增加,雄虫的日取食活动高峰期在9:00—11:00,雌虫日访花高峰期在11:00—13:00和15:00—17:00,雌雄成虫的日平均取食次数、平均取食时间和日取食规律的差异均不显著(p>0.05);取食次数与取食时间均呈不显著正相关(雌蝶:r=0.949,p>0.05;雄蝶:r=0.853,p>0.05)。最早交配时间发生在羽化第4天,雌雄成虫均可多次交配,交配主要发生在14:00—16:00。产卵时间主要在11:00—13:00,雌成虫的产卵方式为散产,主要产卵于寄主植物叶片背面。[结论]金斑蝶成虫期可分为运动器官成熟阶段、补充营养和促进生殖器官发育阶段、求偶和交配阶段、产卵等4个阶段,各阶段内行为有交叉。
[Objective]To study the behavior characteristics of the adult Danaus chrysippus. [Method]The adult butterflies D. chrysippus were observed by tracking the flying,feeding,courtship,mating and ovipositing behavior in the field of the net-house. [Result]The eclosion mainly occurred at the 8 ： 00 —10 ： 00. The adults were in the stop or rest status at the day of emergence. The daily average flying time and frequencies gradually increased from the second day of eclosion to the day of mating. The flying peak time of males were at 13 ： 00 —15 ： 00,while two flying peak were observed in females at 9 ： 00 —11 ： 00 and 15 ： 00 —17 ： 00. There was no significant difference between male and female adults in the daily average flight number,times and the daily flight rule（ P〈0. 05）. However,there was a significant positive correlation between the number of flights and the time of flight in both sex（ P〈0. 05）. The feeding behavior began at the second day of eclosion. The daily average feeding time and frequencies also gradually increased. The daily feeding activity peak of male is 9 ： 00 —11 ： 00,on the female flower visiting peak is 11 ： 00 —13 ： 00 and 15 ： 00 —17 ： 00. There was no significant difference between male and female a-dults in the daily average feeding number,times and the daily feeding rule（ P〉0. 05）,and no significant positive correlation was found between the feeding frequency and feeding time in both sex（ P〈0. 05）. The first mating behavior occurred at the fourth day after eclosion. The male and female can mate more than once in their whole lives. Mating occurred mainly at 14 ： 00 —16 ： 00,while egg-laying occurred mainly at 11 ： 00 —13 ： 00.Most of eggs were deposited in a dispersed manner on the back of host leaves. [Conclusion]The adult stage of D. chrysippus can be divided into four,i. e. motion organ mature stage,nutritional supplements and promote reproductive organ development stage,courtship and mating stage,and oviposition
作者
唐宇翀
陈晓鸣
周成理
TANG Yu-chong CHEN Xiao-ming ZHOU Cheng-li(Guang＇ an Vocational and Technical College, Gaang＇ an 638000, Sichuan, China Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 550224, Yunnan, China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期131-136,共6页
Forest Research
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项经费(201504305)
云南省社会发展重大项目:大理蝴蝶泉蝴蝶飞舞自然景观构建重现技术研究及应用(2-351)
四川省教育厅一般项目(15ZB0398)
广安职业技术学院院级课题(KT-2016-20)
关键词
飞行行为
取食行为
求偶行为
交配行为
产卵行为
flight behavior
feeding behavior
courtship behavior
mating behavior
egg-laying behavior
