摘要
简述了预锂化技术在锂离子、锂硫/锂空气、锂离子电容器及相关能源存储技术中的最新研究进展。预锂化技术主要包括原位掺杂、接触反应、电化学和化学锂化等。该方法可改善锂离子电池高比容负极材料的首次不可逆容量、锂硫/空气电池负极的锂损耗和安全性、锂离子电容器负极的锂补偿等问题,提升能源存储系统的性能。然而,预锂化后电极表面的固体电解质界面膜形成、枝晶生长、电解液分解以及电极内部热效应等关键问题对系统的能量/功率密度、寿命和安全性能也有重要的影响。只有充分认识和了解上述相互作用机制,并实现预锂化过程的简化与锂化程度的精准控制,才能确保预锂化电极技术的大规模使用。因此,系统地分析梳理预锂化技术在能源存储技术中的应用情况,有助于全面认知预锂化技术的发展、研究和应用现状,也可为相应及其它相关电源体系(钠电池等)的进一步发展提供科学参考和理论依据。
The recent development of pre-lithiation technologies in lithium-ion battery, lithium-sulfur battery, lithium-air battery, lithium-ion capacitor and other kind of new energy storage systems were summarized. The pre-lithiation strategies mainly include in-situ lithium-doping, interracial contact reaction with lithium-metal, electrochemical and chemical lithiation, etc. It can efficiently ameliorate several challenging problems： （i） compensating the initially high irreversible capacity of anode in lithium-ion battery; （ii） solving the lithium consumption and safety issue of metallic lithium anode in lithium-sulfur/air battery; （iii） addressing the anodic lithium compensation in lithium-ion capacitors; thereby giving rise to enhanced electrochemical performances. However, a series of key issues, including the formation of solid electrolyte interface film on the electrode surface, growth of lithium-dendrite, electrolyte decomposition, and electrode internal-heating after the pre-lithiation, may influence on the energy/power density, cycle life and safety of energy storage systems. Full knowledge and understand of their correlations and interaction mechanism is strongly demanded to seek a simplified strategy for an accurate control in lithium compensation and then guarantee its scalable application. Therefore, it is rather significant to retrieve relevant literatures and summarize the pre-lithiation applications in energy storage systems for understanding the progress more comprehensively, thereby providing academic reference and theoretical basis for the further development in relevant and other kind of power system （e.g., sodium battery）.
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
2017年第2期223-236,共14页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
中国人民解放军陆军装备部资助项目
关键词
预锂化
锂离子电池
锂硫电池
锂空气电池
锂离子电容器
pre-lithiation
lithium-ion battery
lithium-sulfur battery
lithium-air battery
lithium-ion capacitor
