摘要
利用水下声音测量系统(带宽20 Hz^24 k Hz)分别记录了浙江省象山县西沪港和福建省福鼎市沙埕港网箱养殖大黄鱼的水下声音和行为反应,并对声音数据进行频谱分析和声压级(SPL,d B:re 1μPa)计算。结果显示:(1)网箱周围水下声音主要为,自然环境噪声(风、波浪,500 Hz^24 k Hz)、大黄鱼生物噪声(惊扰发声主峰值630 Hz、摄食发声主峰值800 Hz、游泳噪声50~400 Hz、摄食噪声20~2 200 Hz)和人为噪声(船舶噪声50~500 Hz);(2)船舶噪声SPL(约87.68 d B)低于部分石首鱼科听觉阈值(94.9~99.6 d B:re 1μPa),不影响大黄鱼声通讯和摄食行为;(3)网箱内生物噪声声压级强度:惊扰状态>摄食状态>背景噪声。结果表明,大黄鱼生物噪声频率主峰值和声压级强度与行为反应有关,即行为反应程度越激烈,频率主峰值越低,声压级强度越高。
This paper is to provide references for studying the relationship between biological noises （swimming sound, bioaeoustics and feeding sound ） and behavior responses of large yellow croaker （Larimichthys crocea） , and also for extracting effective sound information to analyze and assess their daily feeding and behaviors. Underwater ambient noises and biological noises of large yellow croaker in cage-culture were recorded in Xihu Bay of Xiangshan, Zhejiang and Shacheng Bay of Fuding, Fujian by passive acoustic monitoring system with a measuring frequency bandwidth from 20 Hz to 24 kHz from March 20th to 22rd and June 19th to 20th, 2016. The impact of ambient noise on fish behaviors was analyzed by referring to the auditory thresholds of some Sciaenidae fish. The sounds data were recorded by a portable hydrophone （ST 1030, OKI, Japan） and connected to an underwater sound pressure meter （SW 1030, OKI, Japan） with bandwidth filtering and power amplification functions to record the sound pressure level （SPL, dB： re 1 p.Pa） and AD conversion, and a professional digital recorder （NAGRA SD, AST, Switzerland） with 16 bits·s^-1 and 48 kHz sample rate saved as WAV was used, and then an off-line data analysis was done. The amplitude and time frequency formant of feeding sounds were analyzed by Praat （6. 0, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands）, then PULSE-Reflex-Core （19, B＆K, Denmark） was used to FFT analyze and draw the frequency spectrums. Considering the acoustics characteristics of fish biological noises, one-third octave band analysis was used in frequency peak and SPL calculations, and compared to the WENZ frequency spectrum to analyze the characteristics of frequency in all monitoring stations. The results showed that： （1） The underwater sounds around the cages were from the natural environment noise （wind and wave, 500 Hz to 24 kHz） , the biological noises of large yellow croaker （disturbance calls frequency peak was at 630 Hz and feeding calls was at 800 Hz, swimming
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期92-99,共8页
Marine Fisheries
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项“201203018”
关键词
大黄鱼
网箱养殖
水下声音
生物噪声
行为反应
Larimichthys crocea
cage-culture
underwater sound
biological noise
behavior response
