摘要
基于多沙粗沙区皇甫川、孤山川、窟野河、秃尾河和无定河流域(5个流域)中各水文站1956~2012年逐月降雨、径流和输沙实测资料,对比了5个流域水沙情势,并定量分析了降水和人类活动对水沙变化的贡献率。结果表明,1956~2012年径流量、输沙量减少趋势明显,输沙量主要集中在汛期,占全年的96%,2000年以后,输沙量急剧减少;截止2010年,该地区实测水库总库容67 899.5×104 m3,仅为原库容的62.8%,同时该地区建有淤地坝9 114座,是水沙量减少的另一重要因素;在黄土高原北部区域,水库、淤地坝、灌区引水和煤矿开采等人类活动对径流量和输沙量的减少作用明显,也是水沙减少的关键因素。
Based on monthly rainfall,runoff and sediment transport data from 1956 to 2012measured at hydrological stations located correspondingly in the Huangfuchuan,Gushanchuan,Kuyehe,Tuweihe and Wudinghe basins,the comparison were conducted for water and sediment situation of the basins,and the precipitation and human activities contribution rate for water and sediment were quantitatively analyzed.The results show that during 1956-2012 the decreasing trend of water and sediment variation is significant,the sediment transport in flood season accounts for 96% of the whole years and decreases sharply,especially after the year of 2000.By the end of 2010,the total constructed reservoir capacity in the region is 67 899.5×10^4 m^3,which is only 62.8% of the original capacity.At the same time,the region built 9 114 warp land dams.The use of a large number of warp land dams is another important factor for the reduction amount of water and sediment.In the Loess Plateau Area,the reduction of runoff and sediment mainly caused by human activities,such as building of warp land dams,reservoirs,irrigation and coalmining,which had been becoming the key factor of reduction of water and sediment.
出处
《水电能源科学》
北大核心
2017年第2期86-90,共5页
Water Resources and Power
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51679184)
陕西省水利厅项目(2016slkj-12)
关键词
多沙粗沙区
水沙变化
贡献率
人类活动
basin in coarser sediment-producing area
variation of water and sediment
contribution rate
human activity
