摘要
目的了解农村学龄儿童智力发育现状及其与孕期和现时家庭经济状况的关系,为改善农村学龄儿童营养水平、促进农村儿童智力发育提供参考依据。方法于2013年12月—2014年7月,采用随访队列研究,对2002年参与"中国西部农村新生儿低出生体重的微营养素干预研究"项目人群进行随访,选择2002年12月—2006年1月出生的1 621名儿童及其母亲作为研究对象,主要通过面对面访问的形式调查儿童家庭情况,采用量表测评儿童智力水平。采用相关性分析和公平性分析比较孕期和现时家庭经济状况对儿童智力发育的影响。结果儿童标化后总智商平均得分为(89.9±13.0)分,言语理解、知觉推理、工作记忆和加工速度平均得分分别为(88.1±15.8)(93.2±13.7)(96.0±13.1)(91.3±12.2)分。智力落后儿童孕期家庭经济状况和现时家庭经济状况的集中指数与可信区间分别为-0.178(-0.232^-0.124)和-0.292(-0.346^-0.238),差异有统计学意义;智力高于常人儿童孕期家庭经济状况和现时家庭经济状况的集中指数和可信区间分别为0.278(0.229~0.327)和0.362(0.313~0.411),差异无统计学意义。结论较好的家庭经济状况对儿童智力发育有正向促进作用,且现时经济的影响更大。
Objective To describe the current intelligence development status of school-aged children in rural areas, assess the effect of household wealth on the children＇s intelligence development with focus on the difference of influence of household wealth in pregnancy and in present time, and to provide evidence for improving the intelligence development of school-aged children in rural areas. Methods Through follow-up cohort study design, the children who were born between December, 2002 and January, 2006, and their parents were selected to participate in the project ＂Impact of Muhi-Micronutrient Supplementation during Pregnancy on Low Birth Weight ＆ Selected Maternal ＆ Neonatal Outcomes： A Randomized Controlled Trial in Western China＂, and their caregivers were involved in this follow-up study. The information about household social-demographic feature was collected by using structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. WISC-IV was used to evaluate the children＇s Intelligence Quotient （IQ）. The principal component analysis was used to establish wealth index. The effect of household wealth in pregnancy and in present time on the intelligence development for children was compared by correlation analysis and equity analysis. Results The mean of age-adjusted full scale IQ for children was 89.9±13.0. The mean of the verbal comprehension index, perception reasoning index, the working memory index and processing speed index of children was 88.1±15.8, 93.2±13.7, 96.0±13.1, 91.3±12.2 respectively. For mentally retarded children＇s equity analysis, the concentration index and confidence interval of household wealth in pregnancy and present were -0.178（ -0.232, -0.124） and -0.292（ -0.346, -0.238） respectively. For higher mentally children＇s equity analysis, the concentration index and confidence interval of household wealth in pregnancy and in present time were 0.278（ 0.229, 0.327） and 0.362（0.313, 0.411） respectively. Conclusion The wealthy household has an active effect on childr
作者
常玲
曾令霞
陈志军
杨雪
张敏
张峰
赵永钢
CHANG Ling ZENG Lingxia CHEN Zhijun YANG Xue ZHANG Min ZHANG Feng ZHAO Yonggang(Xi＇an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi＇an（ 710054）, China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第1期10-12,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-11-0417)
关键词
智力
儿童发育
精神卫生
农村人口
Intelligence
Child development
Mental health
Rural population
