摘要
Urban water resources have been facing significant pressure from population growth, urbanization, and climate change. A system dynamics urban water management model was proposed to simulate the dynamic interactions between urban water demands and society, economy, climate, and water conservation. The residents' water conseration willingness was incorporated in the model and water-saving effects were quantified. The simulation results for Macao showed that population size was the main driving force for urban water demand. The change of temperature and precipitation has obvious effects on the landscape water demand. The water demand output is sensitive to the change in population, per capita demand, and temperature. Increased precipitation will reduce urban water demand and increased economic growth will increase water demand. By implementing integrated water conservation measures and imoroved water conservation willinmaess, water demand could be reduced bv 17.5%.
Urban water resources have been facing significant pressure from population growth, urbanization, and climate change. A system dynamics urban water management model was proposed to simulate the dynamic interactions between urban water demands and society, economy, climate, and water conservation. The residents' water conseration willingness was incorporated in the model and water-saving effects were quantified. The simulation results for Macao showed that population size was the main driving force for urban water demand. The change of temperature and precipitation has obvious effects on the landscape water demand. The water demand output is sensitive to the change in population, per capita demand, and temperature. Increased precipitation will reduce urban water demand and increased economic growth will increase water demand. By implementing integrated water conservation measures and imoroved water conservation willinmaess, water demand could be reduced bv 17.5%.
基金
supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (No. 41530635)
the MYRG072 (Y1-L2)-FST13-LIC
the National Science Foundation of China (No. 51278054)
the Fund for Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51421065)