摘要
目的探究导盲犬在恐惧性测试中心率变化规律,为导盲犬的前期筛选提供行之有效的行为学方法和生理依据。方法对中国导盲犬大连培训基地提供的28只培训成功的导盲犬和32只培训失败的淘汰犬进行恐惧性测试。同时收集到32只犬的心率,其中导盲犬16只,淘汰犬16只。分析恐惧性测试中注意力及主动探索两个行为变量评分以及心率变化规律。结果恐惧性测试中导盲犬的注意力和主动探索行为变量得分均显著高于淘汰犬(注意力:导盲犬组:3.32±0.18,淘汰犬组:2.34±0.18,P<0.01;主动探索:导盲犬组:3.32±0.24,淘汰犬组:2.34±0.18,P<0.01)。恐惧性测试中检测到的导盲犬组与淘汰犬组的心率值均显著高于各组相应的静息心率(导盲犬组:测试心率:116.76±11.11,静息心率:100.38±12.71,P<0.01;淘汰犬组:测试心率:124.83±15.57,静息心率:98.41±12.38,P<0.01)。对恐惧性测试中心率与静息心率的差值(△HR)分析发现,淘汰犬组的差值显著高于导盲犬组(淘汰犬组:26.42±3.68;导盲犬组:16.38±2.03,P<0.05)。结论相对于淘汰犬而言,导盲犬在恐惧性测试中心率与静息心率的差值较小,这表明导盲犬的情绪相对比较稳定,可能与其能更好地控制恐惧情绪有关。本研究为导盲犬的早期筛选提供科学参考信息。
Objective To explore the heart rate reactions of guide dogs in the fear test, and to provide effective behavioral and physiological basis for early identify of dogs best suitable to guide dog work. Method 28 guide dogs and 32 eliminated dogs which were provided by Chinese Guide Dog Training Centre of Dalian were tested by fear test. The heart rate reactions of 16 guide dogs and 16 eliminated dogs were recorded in the test. The score of ＂Attention＂, ＂Active Exploration＂ in fear test, and the heart rate reactions were analyzed. Result The score of ＂Attention＂ and ＂ Active Exploration＂ of guide dogs were significantly higher than those of eliminated dogs （＂Attention＂： in guide dog group was 3.32 ± 0. 18 and in eliminated dog group was 2.34± 0. 18, P 〈 0.01; ＂Active Exploration＂ ： in guide dog group was 3.32 ±0.24 and in eliminated dog group was 2. 34 ±0.18, P 〈 0.01 ）. The heart rate reactions in the fear test were significantly higher than the resting heart rate in both guide dog group and eliminated dog group, respectively （in guide dog group, heart rate at test： 116.76 ±11. 11 and at rest： 100.38 ± 12.71, P 〈0.01 ; in eliminated dog group, heart rate at test： 124.83 ± 15.57 and at rest： 98.41 ± 12. 38, P 〈 0.01 ）. The difference between heart rate in test and in rest （ △ HR） was also analyzed between guide dogs and eliminated dogs. The △HR of eliminated dogs was significantly higher than that of guide dogs （eliminated dog group： 26.42 ±3.68, guide dog group： 16.38 ±2.03, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The AHR of guide dogs was lower compared with that of eliminated dogs. This result suggests that guide dogs are more easily to control fear than eliminated dogs. This study provided an effective reference for early screening of potential guide dogs.
出处
《实验动物科学》
2016年第6期39-44,共6页
Laboratory Animal Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(31272392)
关键词
导盲犬
恐惧性测试
心率
注意力
主动探索
guide dog
fear test
heart rate
attention
active exploration
