摘要
以Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像为基础数据源,在遥感和地理信息系统技术的支持下,结合野外实地考察资料,采用目视判读法,提取得到1985年和2010年中国沿海盐田和养殖池的空间分布信息;采用动态度模型、质心迁移模型和土地利用转移矩阵等方法,分析了两个时期中国沿海盐田和养殖池的时空变化特征,并以黄河三角洲为例,详细分析了盐田和养殖池的转移变化特征。结果表明,中国沿海盐田总面积从1985年的1 639.12km^2增加到2010年的2 413.07 km^2,山东省盐田面积增加最多,江苏省盐田面积大幅减少;养殖池总面积从1985年的2 606.62 km^2增加到2010年的12 099.52 km^2,沿海各省市的养殖池面积都在明显增加,广东省的养殖池面积相对增幅最大,增加了3 567.19 km^2;黄河三角洲沿海新增的盐田和养殖池,主要是由滩涂、盐沼和耕地等转化而来;中国沿海盐田和养殖池的时空变化不仅受区域自然环境(气候、水文和地形等)的制约,国家和地方政府的土地开发政策(如"海洋经济规划"、"围填海"土地规划和"盐田复垦"等)、人口增长和社会经济发展等因素发挥了重要的驱动作用。
Salt ponds and aquaculture ponds are vital components of coastal human-made wetlands which have important ecological and economical values. In this study, Landsat TM/ETM ＋ imagery of 1985 and 2010 were selected to extract spatial distribution information of salt pond and aquaculture pond covering the coastal zone of China（not including Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan province）. Land use dynamic degree, centroid model and transfer matrix were used to analyze the temporal-spatial characteristics of salt pond and aquaculture pond in the coastal provinces during the periods of 1985 and 2010. The Yellow River Delta was chosen as the typical research area to explore the conversion features of salt pond and aquaculture pond. The results showed that the total area of the salt ponds increased from 1 639.12 km^2 in 1985 to 2 413.07 km^2 in 2010. Among the coastal provinces（not including Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan province）, salt pond in Shandong Province had dramatic increased while the salt pond in Jiangsu Province decreased greatly from 1985 to 2010. The total area of aquaculture pond had increased from 2 606.62 km^2 to 12 099.52 km^2 during the study period. The expansion area of aquaculture ponds in Guangdong province was 3 567.19 km^2. The increased land for salt pond and aquaculture pond in the Yellow River Delta were mainly converted from beaches, salt marshes and cultivated lands. The driving forces analysis of salt pond and aquaculture pond changes in the study area implied that natural factors, including climate, topography, hydrology, was the foundation of spatial pattern of salt pond and aquaculture pond in China＇s coastal region（not including Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan province）. The anthropogenic factors, including development policies of national and local government（such as＂Marine Economic Planning＂
作者
姚云长
任春颖
王宗明
王灿
邓培银
YAO Yunchang REN Chunying WANG Zongming WANG Can DENG Peiyin(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroeeology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changehun 130102, Jilin, P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China College of Geographical Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期874-882,共9页
Wetland Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB430401)资助
关键词
盐田
养殖池
遥感和地理信息系统技术
滨海湿地
salt pond
aquaculture pond
remote sensing and geographic information system
coastal wetlands
