摘要
"天命观"是儒家哲学中最基本的哲学范畴之一,孔子作为儒学的创始人,其建构的以"仁""礼"为核心的儒学体系,渗透着敬天、知命、畏天命的"天命观"思想。孔子的"天命观"是相信天命但更注重人事,充满着关注现实和人生的务实精神。其中,对"天"的态度,是敬;而语及"命"时,多和人事结合起来,强调如何在"天"意的指导下,更好地处理人事,因此更注重的是在"天意"之下的现实的生活。其对"天命"的叙述,包含了天人合一的思想成分,实开董仲舒"天人合一"理论之先河。孔子敬天,因而重祭祀;知命,因而重现实生活;畏天命,才"敬鬼神而远之"。可以说孔子以天命观为基础,建立了以"仁""礼"为核心的儒家价值体系。
The view of Heaven Mandate is one of the most basic philosophical categories in Confucianism philosophy. Confucius,being the founder of Confucianism,built a Confucianism system,taking Benvolencen and Ritual as the core,included the thoughts of Respecting Heaven,Knowing Destiny and Fearing Mandate of Heaven. His view of Heavenly Mandate,focusing more on personnel than heaven mandate,is filled with the realistic spirit interested in reality and life's pragmaticism. The attitude to heaven is to respect,while speaking of destiny,it often combines with people and affairs,stressing to deal with that better in the instructor of heaven. Therefore,it pays more attention to real life under heaven's will. The statement for Heavenly Mandate includes ideological component of harmony between heaven and human,which actually originatesfrom Dong Zhongshu's theory that man is an integral part of nature. Respecting Heaven,Confucius takes sacrifice more seriously; Knowing Desting,he attaches importance to real life; Fearing Mandate of Heaven,stays far from somebody. So based on the view of Heavenly Mandate,Confucius established a system with benolencen and ritual as its core.
出处
《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2017年第1期30-33,共4页
Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家哲学社会科学后期资助项目(15FZW033)
信阳师范学院青年骨干教师资助计划
关键词
孔子
《论语》
天命观
Confucius
Confucius Analects
view of Heavenly Mandate
