摘要
在马克思的劳动过程概念中,不包括知识分子的脑力劳动。为了克服资本主义大工业中工人劳动存在的局限性,马克思提出总体工人的概念,认为知识分子是总体工人的一个器官。但是他又认为,总体工人劳动过程中的脑力劳动和体力劳动后来分离开来,资本主义生产中的智力转化为资本支配劳动的权力,知识分子成为资产阶级的一部分。新中国成立以后,毛泽东把当时中国的五百万知识分子,统称为"资产阶级的知识分子"。文化大革命结束以后,邓小平拨乱反正,认为知识分子是工人阶级的一部分,使知识分子回归到马克思的总体工人概念之中,把处于高端的知识分子的脑力劳动低端化。后来邓小平提出"要把‘文化大革命’时的‘老九’提到第一",由于没有相应的收入分配制度的跟进和落实,我国知识分子依然处于经济收入微薄和社会地位低下的境地,严重地影响我国科学技术和经济的发展。
On the stand point of Marx＇ concept of labor process, intellectual＇s mental labor is not included. In order to prevent the limitations of labor during capitalist great industry, Marx put forward the concept of aggregate workers and intellectuals constitute an organ of aggregate workers. On the stand point of Marx＇ concept of labor process , the manual labor and mental labor are separated and intelligence during capi- talist production turns to the right for capital to dominate labor. Thus intellectuals become part of the bourgeoisie. On the stand point of Mao Ze--dong, more than 5 million of intellectuals were collectively known as capitalist intellectuals after the foundation of PRC. Deng Xiao--ping corrected the mistake and？ intellectuals were？ viewed as part of the working class. High--end mental labor of intellectuals were de- preciated although intellectuals again became part of the concept of aggregate workers. According to Deng Xiao--ping, intellectuals belittled as Stinky Old Nines during cultural revolution should have been ranked one. Intellectuals in our country are still socially disadvantaged with low pay because of unfair income dis- tribution, and thus adversely affect the developments of science and technology and economy.
作者
周德海
ZHOU De-hai(Hefei Administration College , Scientific Research Office, Anhui Chaohu 238000,Chin)
出处
《甘肃理论学刊》
2017年第1期96-101,共6页
Gansu Theory Research
