摘要
以9,10-二氢-9氧杂-10-膦杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)、甲醛和二乙醇胺为原料合成了新型反应型阻燃剂9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-[N,N-二(羟乙基)氨甲基]-10-膦杂菲-10-氧化物(DAM-DOPO),对其结构和在聚氨酯泡沫中的存在形式进行了表征,并对DAM-DOPO进行热失重分析。将DAM-DOPO与聚磷酸铵(APP)复配,制备了DAM-DOPO/APP阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料,并对其阻燃、力学性能及阻燃机理进行了研究。结果表明,合成的DAM-DOPO具有比DOPO较高的残炭率,最大热失重温度也向高温移动;DAM-DOPO应用到聚氨酯泡沫中起到了气相和凝聚相阻燃;复配阻燃剂总质量分数一定时(20%),随着APP所占比例的增大,PUF生成平滑致密的炭层,氧指数逐渐升高,烟密度等级逐渐降低,当m(DAM-DOPO)∶m(APP)=1∶4时,PUF的极限氧指数为24.0%,烟密度等级为34.98,水平燃烧距离Ld为8mm;冲击强度随着DAM-DOPO添加比例的减小而降低,当m(DAM-DOPO)∶m(APP)=1∶4时,PUF的冲击强度为0.065kJ/m2。
A novel reactive flame retardant, DAM-DOPO （9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-[-N, N-bi （hydroxyethyl） ami- no methyl]-10-phosphonic hetero phenanthrene-10-oxide）, was synthesized with DOPO （9,10-dihydro-9-oxa- 10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide）, formaldehyde and diethanolamine. The structure of DAM-DOPO was characterized by FTIR and NMR. The flame retarded rigid polyurethane foam （RPUF） plastics were prepared by chemical modification of PU chains with DAM-DOPO and by blended modification with ammonium polyphosphate （APP） simultaneously. The influences of different ratios of DAM-DOPO and APP on the flame retardancy and mechanical property of PUF were investigated by LOI, SDR, Ld and impact strength test. The synergistic reaction was appeared between DAM-DOPO and APP when the ratio of DAM-DOPO and APP was 1 ： 4 - LOI reached to 24.0%, SDR decreased to 34.98% and Ld was 8mm. DAM-DOPO had a higher carbon residue rate and the maximum weight loss happened at the higher temperature than DOPO. What＇s more, DAM-DOPO promoted forming the smooth and loose fire phosphorus-containing char layer, which strengthen the inflatable and dense char layer from APP in the condense phase. Then the smoother and compacter char layer was obtained. In addition, the impact strength of flame-retardant RPUFs with DAM-DOPO/APP were studied. The results of impact strength suggest that with the decrease of the addition ratio of DAM-DOPO, its impact strength reduced to 0.065 kJ/m2 , which can fill the demend for the application in reality.
出处
《功能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期1236-1243,共8页
Journal of Functional Materials
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2014209280
E2014209239)
